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The Devil We Know is a 2018 investigative documentary film by director Stephanie Soechtig regarding allegations of health hazards from perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA, also known as C8), a key ingredient used in manufacturing Teflon, and DuPont's potential responsibility.
In November 2017 the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection announced plans to develop its own drinking water standards for PFOA. [77] New Jersey published a standard for perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA) in September 2018, the first state to do so. [78] The state set the MCL at 13 parts per trillion (ppt). [79]
The high levels of PFOA and PFOS detected in 2016 was not the first incident of PFOA and PFOS pollution in the area. In 2007, the EPA decided to test the water in Decatur, Alabama, a part of Morgan County, due to industrial activity linked to the production of PFOA and PFOS of the companies 3M, Daikin America, and Toray Carbon Fibers America. [47]
The EPA issued health advisories for four specific PFASs in June 2022, significantly lowering their safe threshold levels for drinking water. PFOA was reduced from 70 ppt to 0.004 ppt, while PFOS was reduced from 70 ppt to 0.02 ppt. A safe level for the compound GenX was set at 10 ppt, while that for PFBS was set at 2000 ppt. While not ...
In April 2024 EPA issued a final drinking water rule for PFOA, PFOS, GenX, PFBS, PFNA, and PFHxS. Public water systems are required must remove these six PFAS to near-zero levels by 2027. Grant funding is available from EPA to assist utilities in water testing and development of treatment systems. [13] [107] [108] [109]
Wastewater quality indicators are laboratory test methodologies to assess suitability of wastewater for disposal, treatment or reuse. The main parameters in sewage that are measured to assess the sewage strength or quality as well as treatment options include: solids, indicators of organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus, indicators of fecal ...
The standards, enforced by EPA and state agencies, require all public water systems in the U.S. to monitor for GenX and treat their water, if necessary to meet the 10 ppt standard. [43] EPA also announced the availability of grant funds to assist small and disadvantaged communities in testing for and treating PFAS contamination in their water ...
However, in a December 2005 deal with the USEPA over alleged withholdings, DuPont agreed to test nine of its fluorotelomer-based products' potential to break down into PFOA by 27 December 2008. [17] Yet, in late December 2008, the USEPA and DuPont filed a joint motion stating that DuPont needed additional time [ 17 ] to purify the products. [ 7 ]