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The history of Australia from 1788 to 1850 covers the early British colonial period of Australia's history. This started with the arrival in 1788 of the First Fleet of British ships at Port Jackson on the lands of the Eora, and the establishment of the penal colony of New South Wales as part of the British Empire.
Over the next few decades, the colonies of New Zealand, Queensland, South Australia, Van Diemen's Land (later renamed Tasmania), and Victoria were created from New South Wales, as well as an aborted Colony of North Australia. On 1 January 1901, these colonies, excepting New Zealand, became states in the Commonwealth of Australia.
This is how far people will travel to use the services in the settlement: if people travel further the town becomes more important and ranks higher in the settlement hierarchy. A collection of the most widely accepted units of measuring a settlement's size is as follows: [ 3 ] [ 4 ]
By the late 1880s, a majority of people living in the Australian colonies were native born, although more than 90 per cent were of British and Irish heritage. [228] The Australian Natives Association , campaigned for an Australian federation within the British Empire, promoted Australian literature and history, and successfully lobbied for the ...
Between 1870 and 1890 average income per person in Australia was more than 50 per cent higher than that of the United States, giving Australia one of the highest living standards in the world. [ 31 ] The size of the government sector almost doubled from 10 per cent of national expenditure in 1850 to 19 per cent in 1890.
Australian government debt, about $963 billion in June 2022, exceeds 45.1% of the country's total GDP, and is the world's eighth-highest. [323] Australia had the second-highest level of household debt in the world in 2020, after Switzerland. [324] Its house prices are among the highest in the world, especially in the large urban areas. [325]
The history of Australia from 1901 to 1945 begins with the federation of the six colonies to create the Commonwealth of Australia. The young nation joined Britain in the First World War, suffered through the Great Depression in Australia as part of the global Great Depression and again joined Britain in the Second World War against Nazi Germany in 1939.
The Queen of Australia in Brisbane, 1982 Elizabeth II was the first monarch of Australia to adopt a separate Australian standard to represent her as Australia's sovereign. Elizabeth II was the first monarch to be styled sovereign of Australia. In 1953 the Australian Parliament passed two bills. The first was the Royal Style and Titles Act 1953.