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Particular medications can result in MRONJ, a serious but uncommon side effect in certain individuals. Such medications are frequently used to treat diseases that cause bone resorption such as osteoporosis, or to treat cancer. The main groups of drugs involved are anti-resorptive drugs, and anti-angiogenic drugs.
To prevent steroid-induced osteoporosis, the steroid dose and duration should be as low and as short as possible. All patients on long term glucocorticoids (≥3 months) should be encouraged to do weightbearing exercise, avoid smoking and excess alcohol and take fall prevention measures. Daily calcium and vitamin d intake should be sufficient.
Anticoagulants – long-term use of heparin is associated with a decrease in bone density, [79] and warfarin (and related coumarins) have been linked with an increased risk in osteoporotic fracture in long-term use. [80] Proton pump inhibitors – these drugs inhibit the production of stomach acid; this is thought to interfere with calcium ...
But younger women can get osteoporosis. And girls and women of all ages need to take steps to protect their bones. ... Long-term, heavy drinking can cause many health problems, including bone loss ...
Primary, or involuntary osteoporosis, can further be classified into Type I or Type II. [1] Type I refers to postmenopausal osteoporosis and is caused by the deficiency of estrogen. [1] While senile osteoporosis is categorized as an involuntary, Type II, and primary osteoporosis, which affects both men and women over the age of 70 years.
In large studies, women taking bisphosphonates for osteoporosis have had unusual fractures ("bisphosphonate fractures") in the femur (thigh bone) in the shaft (diaphysis or sub-trochanteric region) of the bone, rather than at the femoral neck, which is the most common site of fracture. However, these fractures are rare (12 in 14,195 women ...
Treatments may include medication, not walking on the affected leg, stretching, and surgery. [1] Most of the time surgery is eventually required and may include core decompression, osteotomy, bone grafts, or joint replacement. [1] About 15,000 cases occur per year in the United States. [4] People 30 to 50 years old are most commonly affected. [3]
However, long term use of these causes resorption, degrading the bone to raise blood calcium. [1] Consequently, these drugs have been researched for the treatment of osteoporosis, [2] [3] [4] though with only limited success. [5]