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  2. Person of color - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Person_of_color

    The term "person of color" (pl.: people of color or persons of color; abbreviated POC) [1] is primarily used to describe any person who is not considered "white".In its current meaning, the term originated in, and is primarily associated with, the United States; however, since the 2010s, it has been adopted elsewhere in the Anglosphere (often as person of colour), including relatively limited ...

  3. Black Codes (United States) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_Codes_(United_States)

    The Black Codes, sometimes called the Black Laws, were laws which governed the conduct of African Americans (both free and freedmen).In 1832, James Kent wrote that "in most of the United States, there is a distinction in respect to political privileges, between free white persons and free colored persons of African blood; and in no part of the country do the latter, in point of fact ...

  4. Definitions of whiteness in the United States - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Definitions_of_whiteness...

    It defines "white people" as "people having origins in any of the original peoples of Europe, the Middle East, or North Africa". [6] The Federal Bureau of Investigation uses the same definition. [7] The definition actually does vary and is also published as "a light skinned race", which avoids inclusion of any sort of nationality or ethnicity. [8]

  5. Anti-miscegenation laws in the United States - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anti-miscegenation_laws_in...

    According to the wording of the proposed amendment, "Intermarriage between Negroes or persons of color and Caucasians... within the United States... is forever prohibited." Roddenbery's proposal was more severe because it defined the racial boundary between whites and "persons of color" by applying the one-drop rule. In his proposed amendment ...

  6. Of the 116 Supreme Court justices in US history, all but 8 ...

    www.aol.com/news/116-supreme-court-justices-us...

    And no women or people of color have served as chief justices of the nation’s highest court. Six have been women. Of the 116 justices in history, 110 – or 94.8% – have been men. Until 1981 ...

  7. One-drop rule - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/One-drop_rule

    In 1865, Florida passed an act that both outlawed miscegenation and defined the amount of black ancestry needed to be legally defined as a "person of color". The act stated that "every person who shall have one-eighth or more of negro blood shall be deemed and held to be a person of color." (This was the equivalent of one great-grandparent.)

  8. Affirmative action in the United States - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Affirmative_action_in_the...

    President Kennedy stated in Executive Order 10925 that "discrimination because of race, creed, color, or national origin is contrary to the Constitutional principles and policies of the United States"; that "it is the plain and positive obligation of the United States Government to promote and ensure equal opportunity for all qualified persons ...

  9. Color (law) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Color_(law)

    The deprivation of rights under color of law is a federal criminal offense which occurs when any person, under color of any law, statute, ordinance, regulation, or custom, willfully subjects any person on any U.S. territory or possession to the deprivation of any rights, privileges, or immunities secured or protected by the Constitution or laws of the United States, or to different punishments ...