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Vascular dementia is dementia caused by a series of strokes. [ 2 ] [ 4 ] Restricted blood flow due to strokes reduces oxygen and glucose delivery to the brain, causing cell injury and neurological deficits in the affected region. [ 6 ]
Binswanger's disease, also known as subcortical leukoencephalopathy and subcortical arteriosclerotic encephalopathy, [1] is a form of small-vessel vascular dementia caused by damage to the white brain matter. [2] White matter atrophy can be caused by many circumstances including chronic hypertension as well as old age. [3]
Anything that affects brain function (including stroke or other conditions that compromise blood flow) can cause cognitive issues and even dementia. Vascular dementia can happen after a stroke ...
Many of these diseases can be asymptomatic until an acute event, such as a stroke, occurs. [9] Cerebrovascular diseases can also present less commonly with headache or seizures. [10] Any of these diseases can result in vascular dementia due to ischemic damage to the brain. [11] [12]
“A stroke occurs when the central nervous system is injured due to a vascular cause, so that could be due to a blockage, which accounts for about 80% of strokes in the United States, or a ...
Researchers are devising a blood test that could pick up on tell-tale signs of cerebral small vessel disease, a top risk factor for stroke and cognitive decline.
However, they can also occur in those who have no history of dementia. The bleeding within the brain is usually confined to a particular lobe [12] and this is slightly different compared to brain bleeds which occur as a consequence of high blood pressure (hypertension) – a more common cause of a hemorrhagic stroke (or bleeding in the brain). [13]
The broad term, "stroke" can be divided into three categories: brain ischemia, subarachnoid hemorrhage and intracerebral hemorrhage. Brain ischemia can be further subdivided, by cause, into thrombotic, embolic, and hypoperfusion. [3] Thrombotic and embolic are generally focal or multifocal in nature while hypoperfusion affects the brain globally.