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In linguistics, hortative modalities (/ ˈ h ɔːr t ə t ɪ v / ⓘ; abbreviated HORT) are verbal expressions used by the speaker to encourage or discourage an action. Different hortatives can be used to express greater or lesser intensity, or the speaker's attitude, for or against it.
The higher the number of synonyms a word has, the higher the degree of ambiguity. [1] Like other kinds of ambiguity , semantic ambiguities are often clarified by context or by prosody . One's comprehension of a sentence in which a semantically ambiguous word is used is strongly influenced by the general structure of the sentence. [ 2 ]
Civil discourse is the practice of deliberating about matters of public concern in a way that seeks to expand knowledge and promote understanding. The word "civil" relates directly to civic in the sense of being oriented toward public life, [1] [2] and less directly to civility, in the sense of mere politeness.
Meaning that rather than being a show character [clarification needed] or an attribute, courage is a response to fear. [ 44 ] From their research, they were able to find the "four necessary components of people's notion of courage". [ 47 ]
As such, when strong situations (situations where situational strength is high) exist, the relationship between personality variables (for example, extraversion or risk-taking behaviors) and behaviors is reduced, because no matter what the personality of the individual is, they will act in a way dictated by the situation. When weak situations ...
0-9 22 The 22 m line, marking 22 metres (72 ft) from the tryline. 89 An "89" or eight-nine move is a phase following a scrum, in which the number 8 picks up the ball and transfers it to number 9 (scrum-half). 99 The "99" call was a policy of simultaneous retaliation by the 1974 British Lions tour to South Africa, (the 99 comes from the British emergency services telephone number which is 999 ...
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However, it is necessary that the defendant intend or be reckless to any required circumstances or consequences – for example, that death was a result. Additionally, the prosecution must show that the defendant believed that (or was reckless as to) whether the act would be done with the required mens rea , or that the defendant himself has ...