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Occupational therapy (OT), also known as ergotherapy, is a healthcare profession. Ergotherapy is derived from the Greek ergon which is allied to work, to act and to be active. Occupational therapy is based on the assumption that being active is a basic human need and that purposeful activity has a health-promoting and therapeutic effect.
It was initially inspired by occupational performance frameworks proposed by the American Occupational Therapy Association [5] and Reed and Sanderson. [6] However, calls to develop a national quality assurance system lead to its forerunner in 1983 - 'Client-Centred Guidelines for the Practice of Occupational Therapy'. [7]
Noriko Kamakura (鎌倉 矩子; September 29, 1939 – June 16, 2023) [1]:22 was a practitioner, researcher, and academic leader in occupational therapy.She was in the initial generation of people who became occupational therapists in Japan.
Occupational therapists [10] [11] are the core profession in vocational rehab. The role of occupational therapists in the workplace is to facilitate individuals' ability to return to work. Occupational therapists assist their clients in reaching their maximum level of function with the aim of meeting the physical and emotional demands of their job.
In 1973 Barbara Crawford began studying occupational therapy in Dumfries at the Astley Ainslie College of Occupational Therapy. There she graduated with a diploma from the British Association of Occupational Therapists in 1975. From 1976 to 1980 she worked in the children's psychiatric ward at Crichton Royal Hospital in Dumfries. From 1980 to ...
[9] [10] [11] She first developed PAC technique early in her practice career and introduced it to others in continuing education workshops for nursing in the late 1980s. By the mid-1990s, she was providing training about working with people with neurological impairments and brain failure across the South through the regional continuing ...
Elnora M. Gilfoyle (born 1934) is a retired American occupational therapist, researcher, educator, and university administrator.She worked at several hospitals before accepting a professorship at Colorado State University, later serving as Dean of the College of Applied Human Sciences and Provost/Academic Vice President at that university.
Occupational therapy's stature began to grow when diploma level educational programs transitioned to baccalaureate level programs in late 1980s. The last decade of the 20th century was a golden decade for OT in India as 13 new baccalaureate level OT programs were established in India between 1990 and 2000.