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An abdominal examination is a portion of the physical examination which a physician or nurse uses to clinically observe the abdomen of a patient for signs of disease. The abdominal examination is conventionally split into four different stages: first, inspection of the patient and the visible characteristics of their abdomen.
The liver scratch test can be used when other exam techniques used to approximate liver size are ineffective or unavailable [2] and is thought to be most useful if the abdomen is distended, too tender for direct palpation, the abdominal muscles are too rigid, or the patient is obese. [3]
Steps in a TIPS procedure: A) portal hypertension has caused the coronary vein (arrow) and the umbilical vein (arrowhead) to dilate and flow in reverse. This leads to varices in the esophagus and stomach, which can bleed; B) a needle has been introduced (via the jugular vein) and is passing from the hepatic vein into the portal vein; c) the ...
Murphy's sign has a high sensitivity and negative predictive value, although the specificity is not high. [2] However, in the elderly the sensitivity is markedly lower; a negative Murphy's sign in an elderly person is not useful for ruling out cholecystitis if other tests and the clinical history suggest the diagnosis.
The Pringle manoeuvre is used during liver surgery and in some cases of severe liver trauma to minimize blood loss. [1] For short durations of use, it is very effective at reducing intraoperative blood loss. [2] The Pringle manoeuvre is applied during closure of a vena cava injury when an atriocaval shunt is placed. [citation needed]
Palpation is the process of using one's hands to check the body, especially while perceiving/diagnosing a disease or illness. [1] Usually performed by a health care practitioner, it is the process of feeling an object in or on the body to determine its size, shape, firmness, or location (for example, a veterinarian can feel the stomach of a pregnant animal to ensure good health and successful ...
Based on where and what injury or disease is identified, one or more additional procedures may be performed during an exploratory laparotomy, including: splenectomy, or removal of all or part of the spleen [13] hepatectomy, or removal of all or part of the liver [13] pericardial window, in which an opening is made in the sac surrounding the ...
However, even with the midline pressure, transmission through the skin must be excluded. A positive fluid wave test indicates that there is a free fluid (ascites) in the abdomen. When one side of the abdomen is pressed, the other side may also be painful due to the transfer of the fluid in it.