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Most adult female ceratioid anglerfish have a luminescent organ called the esca at the tip of a modified dorsal ray (the illicium or fishing rod; derived from Latin ēsca, "bait"). The organ has been hypothesized to serve the purpose of luring prey in dark, deep-sea environments, but also serves to call males' attention to the females to ...
Some have long feelers to help them locate prey or attract mates in the pitch black of the deep ocean. The deep-sea angler fish in particular has a long fishing-rod-like adaptation protruding from its face, on the end of which is a bioluminescent piece of skin that wriggles like a worm to lure its prey.
The black seadevil family, Melanocetidae, was first proposed as a subfamily in 1878 by the American biologist Theodore Gill. [2] The only genus in the family is Melanocetus which was proposed as a monospecific genus in 1864 by the German-born British herpetologist and ichthyologist Albert Günther when he described the humpback anglerfish (M. johnsoni). [3]
Chimaeras live in temperate ocean floors, with some species inhabiting depths exceeding 2,000 m (6,600 ft), [8] with relatively few modern species regularly inhabiting shallow water. Exceptions include the members of the genus Callorhinchus , the rabbit fish and the spotted ratfish , which locally or periodically can be found at shallower depths.
Generally, the skin also contains sweat glands and sebaceous glands that are both unique to mammals, but additional types of skin glands are found in fish. Found in the epidermis, fish typically have numerous individual mucus-secreting skin cells called goblet cells that produce a slimy substance to the surface of the skin. This aids in ...
However, at nighttime larger viperfish can be found in shallower depths. [6] The eyes of Chauliodus sloani maintain a constant size and proportion throughout growth of the fish. [9] In the retina, several rows of rod cell "banks" grow upon each other, increasing in number with size of the fish. [9]
Grenadiers have been recorded from depths of about 200 to 7,000 m (660–22,970 ft), and are among the most common benthic fish of the deep (however, two genera are known to prefer the midwater). They may be solitary or may form large schools, as with the roundnose grenadiers.
During the day, trawls at depths between 350 and 600 m (1,100 and 2,000 ft) produce the highest catches and at night the greatest abundance of fish is in the depth range 170 and 400 m (600 and 1,300 ft); this indicates that some, but not necessarily all, fish make short daily vertical migrations. [1]