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The widely used Bourdon gauge is a mechanical device, which both measures and indicates and is probably the best known type of gauge. A vacuum gauge is used to measure pressures lower than the ambient atmospheric pressure, which is set as the zero point, in negative values (for instance, −1 bar or −760 mmHg equals total vacuum). Most gauges ...
McLeod gauges were once commonly found attached to equipment that operates under vacuum, such as a lyophilizer. Today, however, these gauges have largely been replaced by electronic vacuum gauges. The design of a McLeod gauge is somewhat similar to that of a mercury-column manometer. Typically it is filled with mercury. If used incorrectly ...
Further, the vacuum in the gauge eventually deteriorates due to slow diffusion of gases through the mercury, making the device inaccurate. [8] In 1938, Adolph Zimmerli (1886–1967) [9] invented a gauge that overcame the filling problems, at least for pressures below ambient pressure. [10] Zimmerli's gauge consists of three relatively wide columns.
The Pirani gauge consists of a metal sensor wire (usually gold plated tungsten or platinum) suspended in a tube which is connected to the system whose vacuum is to be measured. The wire is usually coiled to make the gauge more compact. The connection is usually made either by a ground glass joint or a flanged metal connector, sealed with an o ...
Vacuum gauges (6 P) Pages in category "Pressure gauges" ... Knudsen absolute manometer; M. McLeod gauge; Mercury pressure gauge; Microbarometer; P. Pirani gauge ...
A Knudsen manometer uses this temperature-effect to make a plate with dual temperatures rotate. It consists of a rotating plate, of which the centre of rotation is in the centre of the plate. Image the plate rotating, the parts that push the 'air' are the plate parts that are 'normal' temperature, the other sides are heated.
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