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Molar concentration or molarity is most commonly expressed in units of moles of solute per litre of solution. [1] For use in broader applications, it is defined as amount of substance of solute per unit volume of solution, or per unit volume available to the species, represented by lowercase c {\displaystyle c} : [ 2 ]
Change in volume with increasing ethanol fraction. The molar volume of a substance i is defined as its molar mass divided by its density ρ i 0 : V m , i = M i ρ i 0 {\displaystyle V_{\rm {m,i}}={M_{i} \over \rho _{i}^{0}}} For an ideal mixture containing N components, the molar volume of the mixture is the weighted sum of the molar volumes of ...
In chemistry, the mole fraction or molar fraction, also called mole proportion or molar proportion, is a quantity defined as the ratio between the amount of a constituent substance, n i (expressed in unit of moles, symbol mol), and the total amount of all constituents in a mixture, n tot (also expressed in moles): [1]
Because a dalton, a unit commonly used to measure atomic mass, is exactly 1/12 of the mass of a carbon-12 atom, this definition of the mole entailed that the mass of one mole of a compound or element in grams was numerically equal to the average mass of one molecule or atom of the substance in daltons, and that the number of daltons in a gram ...
Historically, the mole was defined as the amount of substance in 12 grams of the carbon-12 isotope.As a consequence, the mass of one mole of a chemical compound, in grams, is numerically equal (for all practical purposes) to the mass of one molecule or formula unit of the compound, in daltons, and the molar mass of an isotope in grams per mole is approximately equal to the mass number ...
The factor–label method is the sequential application of conversion factors expressed as fractions and arranged so that any dimensional unit appearing in both the numerator and denominator of any of the fractions can be cancelled out until only the desired set of dimensional units is obtained.
SI symbol Name Value SI symbol Name 10 −1 M dM decimolar 10 1 M daM decamolar 10 −2 M cM centimolar 10 2 M hM hectomolar 10 −3 M mM millimolar 10 3 M kM kilomolar 10 −6 M μM micromolar 10 6 M MM megamolar 10 −9 M nM nanomolar 10 9 M GM gigamolar 10 −12 M pM picomolar 10 12 M TM teramolar 10 −15 M fM femtomolar 10 15 M PM petamolar
In fractions like "2 nanometers per meter" (2 n m / m = 2 nano = 2×10 −9 = 2 ppb = 2 × 0.000 000 001), so the quotients are pure-number coefficients with positive values less than or equal to 1. When parts-per notations, including the percent symbol (%), are used in regular prose (as opposed to mathematical expressions), they are still pure ...