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Transformational leadership is a leadership style that encourages team members to imagine new ideas of change and to take action on these ideas to help handle certain situations. [33] This particular leadership style is commonly used in organizations, due to its positive outcomes such as higher work engagement , motivation , and creativity in ...
The research concluded that there is no single "best" style of leadership, and thus led to the creation of the situational leadership theory, which essentially argues that leaders should engage in a healthy dose of both task-oriented and relationship-oriented leadership fit for the situation, and the people being led. [2]
This leadership style has been associated with lower productivity than both autocratic and democratic styles of leadership and with lower group member satisfaction than democratic leadership. [9] Some researchers have suggested that laissez-faire leadership can actually be considered non-leadership or leadership avoidance. [18]
Originating from studies into military leadership style, CRT can also be applied to other contexts such as the relationship between stress and ability in sport. The theory proposes the style of leadership required in certain situations, depending on the degree of stress, situational control and task structure.
Long-term use can cause resentment from subordinates. [18] It has been found by researchers that these types of leaders lack creative problem solving skills; Without proper instruction and understanding from subordinates, confusion may arise [27] A lot of emotional strain and stress for workers can be created because of authoritarian leadership.
One of the best-known and most influential functional theories of leadership, used in many leadership development programs, is John Adair's "Action-Centred Leadership". John Adair developed a model of Action-Centred Leadership comprising 3 interlocking balls in a venn diagram arrangement, labelled Task, Team and Individual on the premise that:
Transactional leaders use an exchange model, with rewards being given for good work or positive outcomes. Conversely, people with this leadership style also can punish poor work or negative outcomes, until the problem is corrected. [9] One way that transactional leadership focuses on lower level needs is by stressing specific task performance. [10]
Strategic leadership filters the applicable information, creating an environment where learning can take place. Strategic leadership is a combined responsibility of the leader, the follower, and the organization. Leadership presents challenges that call forth the best in people, and bring them together around a shared sense of purpose.