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Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica (English: The Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy) [1] often referred to as simply the Principia (/ p r ɪ n ˈ s ɪ p i ə, p r ɪ n ˈ k ɪ p i ə /), is a book by Isaac Newton that expounds Newton's laws of motion and his law of universal gravitation.
Sections 10, 11, 12: Properties of a variable extended to all individuals: section 10 introduces the notion of "a property" of a "variable". PM gives the example: φ is a function that indicates "is a Greek", and ψ indicates "is a man", and χ indicates "is a mortal" these functions then apply to a variable x .
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While preparing a revised edition of his Principia, Newton attributed his law of gravity and his first law of motion to a range of historical figures. [35] [36] Despite these qualifications, the standard theory of the history of the Scientific Revolution claims that the 17th century was a period of revolutionary scientific changes.
The second edition was published under the title Principia Discordia or How The West Was Lost in a limited edition of five copies in 1965. [4] The phrase Principia Discordia , reminiscent of Isaac Newton 's 1687 Principia Mathematica , is presumably intended to mean Discordant Principles , or Principles of Discordance .
Pemberton was employed by Newton to superintend the third edition of the ‘Principia.’ The new edition, which appeared in 1726, had a preface by Newton, in which Pemberton is characterised as ‘vir harum rerum peritissimus.’ In 1728 he published ‘A View of Sir I. Newton's Philosophy.’
Principia, the former name of Zope, the "Z Object Publishing Environment" 2653 Principia, an asteroid named after Newton's work; The Principia, by Emanuel Swedenborg; Principia Mathematica, a three-volume work on the foundations of mathematics by Bertrand Russell and Alfred North Whitehead; Principia Ethica, a book on ethics by G. E. Moore
It was mentioned in an introduction to one of the Principia editions, and the work was quoted from in the first edition. [10] [11] The longest known fragment of the text is the Myth of Ichabod (alluded to as the "Myth of Starbuck" in the 4th edition of the Principia) which was circulated independently. [12]