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In physics, gravitational acceleration is the acceleration of an object in free fall within a vacuum (and thus without experiencing drag). This is the steady gain in speed caused exclusively by gravitational attraction.
The acceleration due to gravity is the net acceleration that an object close to Earth’s surface experiences due to the combined effect of the gravitational force and the centrifugal force. It is denoted by the letter ‘g’.
This force causes all free-falling objects on Earth to have a unique acceleration value of approximately 9.8 m/s/s, directed downward. We refer to this special acceleration as the acceleration caused by gravity or simply the acceleration of gravity.
Gravitational acceleration is described as the object receiving an acceleration due to the force of gravity acting on it. It is represented by ‘g’ and its unit is m/s2. Gravitational acceleration is a quantity of vector, that is it has both magnitude and direction.
Acceleration of Gravity is one of the most used physical constants - known from. Newton's Second Law. "Change of motion is proportional to the force applied, and take place along the straight line the force acts." Newton's second law for the gravity force - weight - can be expressed as. W = Fg. = m ag. = m g (1)
Gravity is measured by the acceleration that it gives to freely falling objects. At Earth ’s surface the acceleration of gravity is about 9.8 meters (32 feet) per second per second. Thus, for every second an object is in free fall, its speed increases by about 9.8 meters per second.
Gravity is the first force to be postulated as an action-at-a-distance force, that is, objects exert a gravitational force on one another without physical contact and that force falls to zero only at an infinite distance.
Consider the simple model of a mass falling freely near the surface of the Earth in the absence of air-resistance. The only force exerted on the mass is its weight, mGg m G g →, which is given in terms of gravitational mass (the mass that determines how an object experiences gravity).
Gravitational acceleration, often denoted as ($g$), is a fundamental concept in physics that describes the rate at which objects accelerate towards the center of the Earth when the only force acting upon them is gravity.