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Aldosterone synthase deficiency; Secondary aldosterone deficiency; Secondary adrenal insufficiency; Diseases of the pituitary or hypothalamus; Hyporeninemic hypoaldosteronism (due to decreased angiotensin 2 production as well as intra-adrenal dysfunction) [4] Renal dysfunction-most commonly diabetic nephropathy; NSAIDs; Ciclosporin
Aldosterone synthase, also called steroid 18-hydroxylase, corticosterone 18-monooxygenase or P450C18, is a steroid hydroxylase cytochrome P450 enzyme involved in the biosynthesis of the mineralocorticoid aldosterone and other steroids. The enzyme catalyzes sequential hydroxylations of the steroid angular methyl group at C18 after initial 11β ...
In adrenal insufficiency, there is a deficiency in cortisol production which may be accompanied by a deficiency in aldosterone production (predominantly in primary adrenal insufficiency). [2] [3] Depending on the cause and type of adrenal insufficiency, the mechanism of the disease differs. Generally, the symptoms manifest through the systemic ...
In individuals with GRA, there is unequal crossing over so that the 5' regulatory region of the 11-hydroxylase gene is fused to the coding region of the aldosterone synthase. [citation needed] The product of this hybrid gene is aldosterone synthase that is ACTH-sensitive [2] in the zona fasciculata of the adrenal gland. [3]
Adrenocorticotropic hormone deficiency is a rare disorder characterized by secondary adrenal insufficiency with minimal or no cortisol production and normal pituitary hormone secretion apart from ACTH. [3] ACTH deficiency may be congenital or acquired, and its symptoms are clinically similar to those of glucocorticoid deficiency.
[23] [24] It results from the deficiency of one of the five enzymes required for the synthesis of cortisol in the adrenal cortex. [25] Most of these disorders involve excessive or deficient production of hormones such as glucocorticoids , mineralocorticoids , or sex steroids , [ 26 ] [ 24 ] and can alter development of primary or secondary sex ...
In 78 games, he averaged 10.8 points, 4.5 rebounds and 1.3 assists per game — good enough to see him finish third in rookie of the year voting and make the NBA All-Rookie First Team.
Specifically, 21-hydroxy-11,18-oxido-4-pregnene-3,20-dione (18-DAL) is hydroxylated to aldosterone in the presence of malate and NADP+ at pH 4.8, indicating that 18-DAL acts as a metabolic intermediate between 18-hydroxycorticosterone and aldosterone. [7]