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Where channels use line codes (such as Ethernet, Serial ATA, and PCI Express), quoted rates are for the decoded signal. The figures below are simplex data rates, which may conflict with the duplex rates vendors sometimes use in promotional materials. Where two values are listed, the first value is the downstream rate and the second value is the ...
Throughput is usually measured in bits per second (bit/s, sometimes abbreviated bps), and sometimes in packets per second (p/s or pps) or data packets per time slot. The system throughput or aggregate throughput is the sum of the data rates that are delivered over all channels in a network. [1] Throughput represents digital bandwidth consumption.
Using point-to-point copper cabling provides the opportunity to deliver electrical power along with the data. This is called power over Ethernet and there are several variations defined in IEEE 802.3 standards. Combining 10BASE-T (or 100BASE-TX) with Mode A allows a hub or a switch to transmit both power and data over only two pairs. This was ...
The speed of light imposes a minimum propagation time on all electromagnetic signals. It is not possible to reduce the latency below = / where s is the distance and c m is the speed of light in the medium (roughly 200,000 km/s for most fiber or electrical media, depending on their velocity factor).
The time that is consumed by a guard band is lost - it cannot be used to transmit any data, as the Ethernet port needs to be silent. Therefore, the lost time directly translates in lost bandwidth for background traffic on that particular Ethernet link. A single time slice can never be configured smaller than the size of the guard band.
The ISQ symbols for the bit and byte are bit and B, respectively.In the context of data-rate units, one byte consists of 8 bits, and is synonymous with the unit octet.The abbreviation bps is often used to mean bit/s, so that when a 1 Mbps connection is advertised, it usually means that the maximum achievable bandwidth is 1 Mbit/s (one million bits per second), which is 0.125 MB/s (megabyte per ...
Bandwidth test software is used to determine the maximum bandwidth of a network or internet connection. It is typically undertaken by attempting to download or upload the maximum amount of data in a certain period of time, or a certain amount of data in the minimum amount of time.
The packet transmission time in seconds can be obtained from the packet size in bit and the bit rate in bit/s as: Packet transmission time = Packet size / Bit rate. Example: Assuming 100 Mbit/s Ethernet, and the maximum packet size of 1526 bytes, results in Maximum packet transmission time = 1526×8 bit / (100 × 10 6 bit/s) ≈ 122 μs