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Dactylitis can occur in seronegative arthropathies, such as psoriatic arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis, and in sickle-cell disease as result of a vasoocclusive crisis with bone infarcts, and in infectious conditions including tuberculosis, syphilis, and leprosy. In reactive arthritis, sausage fingers occur due to synovitis. [2]
Magnetic resonance images of the fingers in psoriatic arthritis. Shown are T1 weighted axial (a) pre-contrast and (b) post-contrast images exhibiting dactylitis due to flexor tenosynovitis at the second finger with enhancement and thickening of the tendon sheath (large arrow). Synovitis is seen in the fourth proximal interphalangeal joint ...
Treatment of sclerodactyly is by physical therapy, phototherapy, surgery, topical corticosteroids or vitamin D analogues, and systemic immunosuppressive drugs when the condition is part of systemic scleroderma [citation needed]. Localized treatment won't halt systemic disease, but can restore function and cosmetic aspects of the affected digits.
Eye involvement typically occurs early in the course of reactive arthritis, and symptoms may come and go. Dactylitis, or "sausage digit", a diffuse swelling of a solitary finger or toe, is a distinctive feature of reactive arthritis and other peripheral spondylarthritides but can also be seen in polyarticular gout and sarcoidosis.
It often presents as asymmetric oligoarthritis (impacting 2-4 joints) affecting the distal interphalangeal joints, although it can appear in a single joint. Joint-area discoloration, dactylitis, nail changes, and enthesitis, are common symptoms of psoriatic arthritis that distinguish it from other forms of arthritis. Unlike other types of ...
The development of targeted biological treatments has had an impact on enteropathic arthritis management. Psoriatic arthritis , [ 32 ] [ 33 ] enthesopathy linked to spondyloarthropathy , [ 34 ] and refractory ankylosing spondylitis [ 35 ] can all benefit from biological blockade using the TNFa antagonists etanercept and infliximab .
Blistering distal dactylitis is a cutaneous condition characterized by tense superficial bullae occurring on a tender erythematous base over the volar fat pad of the phalanx of a finger or thumb. [ 1 ] : 262
Tuberculous dactylitis affects the short tubular bones of the hands and feet in children. It often follows a mild course without fever and acute inflammatory signs as opposed to acute osteomyelitis. There may be a gap of a few months to 2 to 3 years from the time of initial infection to the point of diagnosis.