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The Earth-centered, Earth-fixed coordinate system (acronym ECEF), also known as the geocentric coordinate system, is a cartesian spatial reference system that represents locations in the vicinity of the Earth (including its surface, interior, atmosphere, and surrounding outer space) as X, Y, and Z measurements from its center of mass.
The list below is a collection of available official national projected Coordinate Reference Systems. Links to the relevant unique identification codes of the EPSG Geodetic Parameter Dataset , the most comprehensive collection Coordinate Reference Systems, are provided in the table.
A geographic coordinate system (GCS) is a spherical or geodetic coordinate system for measuring and communicating positions directly on Earth as latitude and longitude. [1] It is the simplest, oldest and most widely used type of the various spatial reference systems that are in use, and forms the basis for most others.
Practical navigation systems are in general referenced to a specific ITRF solution, or to their own coordinate systems which are then referenced to an ITRF solution. For example, the Galileo Terrestrial Reference Frame (GTRF) is used for the Galileo navigation system; currently defined as ITRF2005 by the European Space Agency. [2]
Geodetic latitude and geocentric latitude have different definitions. Geodetic latitude is defined as the angle between the equatorial plane and the surface normal at a point on the ellipsoid, whereas geocentric latitude is defined as the angle between the equatorial plane and a radial line connecting the centre of the ellipsoid to a point on the surface (see figure).
Equal Earth: Pseudocylindrical Equal-area Bojan Šavrič, Tom Patterson, Bernhard Jenny Inspired by the Robinson projection, but retains the relative size of areas. 2011 Natural Earth: Pseudocylindrical Compromise Tom Patterson: Originally by interpolation of tabulated values. Now has a polynomial. 1973 Tobler hyperelliptical: Pseudocylindrical ...
The World Geodetic System (WGS) is a standard used in cartography, geodesy, and satellite navigation including GPS.The current version, WGS 84, defines an Earth-centered, Earth-fixed coordinate system and a geodetic datum, and also describes the associated Earth Gravitational Model (EGM) and World Magnetic Model (WMM).