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The growth of the Ottoman Empire. The map is showing Suleiman's conquests in comparison with his predecessors and successors. The imperial campaigns (Ottoman Turkish: سفر همايون, romanized: sefer-i humāyūn) [Note 1] were a series of campaigns led by Suleiman, who was the tenth and longest-reigning Sultan of the Ottoman Empire.
Suleiman I (Ottoman Turkish: سليمان اول Süleyman-ı Evvel; Modern Turkish: I. Süleyman, IPA:; 6 November 1494 – 6 September 1566), commonly known as Suleiman the Magnificent in the Western world and as Suleiman the Lawgiver (قانونى سلطان سليمان Ḳānūnī Sulṭān Süleymān) in his own realm, was the Ottoman sultan between 1520 and his death in 1566.
Under Selim and Suleiman the Magnificent, the Empire became a dominant naval force, controlling much of the Mediterranean. [19] The exploits of the Ottoman admiral Barbarossa Hayreddin Pasha, who commanded the Ottoman Navy during Suleiman's reign, led to a number of military victories over Christian navies.
The siege of Vienna, in 1529, was the first attempt by the Ottoman Empire to capture the city of Vienna in the Archduchy of Austria, part of the Holy Roman Empire. Suleiman the Magnificent, sultan of the Ottomans, attacked the city with over 100,000 men, while the defenders, led by Niklas Graf Salm, numbered no more than 21,000.
In 1554 and again in 1556, [1] Ferdinand named Busbecq ambassador to the Ottoman Empire under the rule of Suleiman the Magnificent.His task for much of the time he was in Constantinople was the negotiation of a border treaty between his employer (the future Holy Roman Emperor) and the Sultan over the disputed territory of Transylvania.
Suleiman made preparations for a campaign against his son Beyazıt, but he renounced campaigning upon the latter's retreat to Persia. [2] Tahmasp I eventually sold Beyazıt and his children to the emissary of Selim, by whom they were tortured and killed.
The Ottoman vassal John I of Hungary died in 1540, and his son John II, who was at that time a minor, was crowned king under the regency of his mother Isabella Jagiellon and bishop George Martinuzzi. This was accepted by the Ottoman ruler Suleiman the Magnificent under the condition that the Hungarians would continue to pay tribute to the ...
The 1534 capture of Baghdad by Suleiman the Magnificent of the Ottoman Empire from the Safavid dynasty under Tahmasp I was part of the Ottoman–Safavid War of 1532 to 1555, itself part of a series of Ottoman–Persian Wars. The city was taken without resistance, the Safavid government having fled and leaving the city undefended. [2]