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The algorithm is used to factorize a number =, where is a non-trivial factor. A polynomial modulo , called () (e.g., () = (+)), is used to generate a pseudorandom sequence.It is important to note that () must be a polynomial.
Modern algorithms and computers can quickly factor univariate polynomials of degree more than 1000 having coefficients with thousands of digits. [3] For this purpose, even for factoring over the rational numbers and number fields, a fundamental step is a factorization of a polynomial over a finite field.
If a number x is congruent to 1 modulo a factor of n, then the gcd(x − 1, n) will be divisible by that factor. The idea is to make the exponent a large multiple of p − 1 by making it a number with very many prime factors; generally, we take the product of all prime powers less than some limit B .
The polynomial x 2 + cx + d, where a + b = c and ab = d, can be factorized into (x + a)(x + b). In mathematics, factorization (or factorisation, see English spelling differences) or factoring consists of writing a number or another mathematical object as a product of several factors, usually smaller or simpler objects of the same kind.
Polynomial factoring algorithms use basic polynomial operations such as products, divisions, gcd, powers of one polynomial modulo another, etc. A multiplication of two polynomials of degree at most n can be done in O(n 2) operations in F q using "classical" arithmetic, or in O(nlog(n) log(log(n)) ) operations in F q using "fast" arithmetic.
Wolfram Alpha: Wolfram Research: 2009 2013: Pro version: $4.99 / month, Pro version for students: $2.99 / month, ioRegular version: free Proprietary: Online computer algebra system with step-by step solutions. Xcas/Giac: Bernard Parisse 2000 2000 1.9.0-99: May 2024: Free GPL: General CAS, also adapted for the HP Prime. Compatible modes for ...
Launch preparations for WolframAlpha began on May 15, 2009, at 7:00 pm CDT with a live broadcast on Justin.tv. The plan was to publicly launch the service a few hours later. [4] [5] However, there were issues due to extreme load. The service officially launched on May 18, 2009, receiving mixed reviews. [6] [7] [8]
This polynomial is further reduced to = + + which is shown in blue and yields a zero of −5. The final root of the original polynomial may be found by either using the final zero as an initial guess for Newton's method, or by reducing () and solving the linear equation. As can be seen, the expected roots of −8, −5, −3, 2, 3, and 7 were ...