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Intellectual disability (ID), also known as general learning disability (in the United Kingdom), [3] and formerly mental retardation (in the United States), [4] [5] [6] is a generalized neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by significant impairment in intellectual and adaptive functioning that is first apparent during childhood.
Unlike other intellectual disabilities, it is not indicative of general intelligence level, and many experts consequently do not consider it to be a true intellectual disability. Rather, people with a specific learning disability have trouble performing specific types of cognitive skills or if taught in conventional ways.
PCPID logo as of 2017. The President's Committee for People with Intellectual Disabilities (PCPID) is an advisory body that provides assistance to the President of the United States and the Secretary of Health and Human Services on public policy issues related to intellectual disability. [1]
This category is for individuals with an intelligence quotient score below 70 on a standardized IQ test. [1] Any article included here should have a verifiable proof for the intellectual impairment in its references (i.e., tested IQ test score or formal diagnosis as having any form of intellectual disability
Throughout this era, the most popular belief was that intellectual and developmental disabilities, as well as mental illness, were entirely genetic and resulted in poverty, drunkenness, sexual promiscuity, crime, violence, and other social ills. People with disabilities were considered "menaces."
Virginia barred executing intellectually disabled people. ... and 2017 allowed courts to consider IQ score ranges that are close to 70 along with other evidence of intellectual disability, such as ...
As of 2011, all 50 states within the U.S.A have at least one ICF/IID-based program. Across the U.S., there are more than 7,000 ICFs/IID. Within these programs there are about 129,000 people with intellectual disabilities and other related conditions receiving treatment. Most have other disabilities as well as intellectual disabilities.
The AAIDD's stated mission is to promote progressive policies, sound research, effective practices, and universal human rights for people with intellectual and developmental disabilities. [7] The association's goals are to: [7] Enhance the capacity of professionals who work with individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities.