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Dacryocystitis is an infection of the lacrimal sac, secondary to obstruction of the nasolacrimal duct at the junction of the lacrimal sac. [1] The term derives from Greek dákryon 'tear' cysta 'sac' and -itis 'inflammation'. [2] It causes pain, redness, and swelling over the inner aspect of the lower eyelid and epiphora.
Nasolacrimal duct obstruction; Other names: Dacryocystitis: Tear system consists of lacrimal gland (a), punctums (b,e), canalicules (c,f), lacrimal sac (d). Tear is then drained through nasolacrimal duct (g) into nasal cavity: Specialty: Ophthalmology: Differential diagnosis: Tears arising from lacrimal sac fistula. [1
Idiopathic orbital inflammation has a varied clinical presentation depending on the involved tissue. It can range from a diffuse inflammatory process to a more localized inflammation of muscle, lacrimal gland or orbital fat. [7] Its former name, orbital pseudotumor, is derived due to resemblance to a neoplasm.
The lacrimal sac or lachrymal sac [1] is the upper dilated end of the nasolacrimal duct, [2] and is lodged in a deep groove formed by the lacrimal bone and frontal process of the maxilla. It connects the lacrimal canaliculi , which drain tears from the eye's surface, and the nasolacrimal duct , which conveys this fluid into the nasal cavity. [ 3 ]
The nasolacrimal duct (also called the tear duct) carries tears from the lacrimal sac of the eye into the nasal cavity. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] The duct begins in the eye socket between the maxillary and lacrimal bones , from where it passes downwards and backwards.
IgG4-related ophthalmic disease (IgG4-ROD) is the recommended term to describe orbital (eye socket) manifestations of the systemic condition IgG4-related disease, [2] which is characterised by infiltration of lymphocytes and plasma cells and subsequent fibrosis in involved structures. It can involve one or more of the orbital structures.
Tenon's capsule may be affected by a disease called idiopathic orbital inflammation, a condition of unknown etiology that is characterized by inflammation of one or more layers of the eye. The disease is also known as orbital inflammatory pseudotumor, and sometimes may only affect the lacrimal gland or the extraocular muscles. [2]
[6]: p. 360 Septic prepatellar bursitis may be diagnosed if the fluid is found to have a neutrophil count above 1500 per microliter, [5]: p. 608 a threshold significantly lower than that of septic arthritis (50,000 cells per microliter). [6]: p. 360 A tuberculosis infection can be confirmed using a radiograph of the knee and urinalysis. [12]