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The only substantial remains of very early viharas are in the rock-cut complexes, mostly in north India, the Deccan in particular, but this is an accident of survival. Originally structural viharas of stone or brick would probably have been at least as common everywhere, and the norm in the south.
Satdhara is an archaeological site, consisting of stupas and viharas, located 9 km (5.6 mi) west of Sanchi, Madhya Pradesh, India. [1] [2] [3]There are four groups of stupas surrounding Sanchi, within a radius of twenty kilometers: Bhojpur and Andher in the southeast, Sonari to the southwest, and Satdhara to the west. [1]
The residences of monks were called Viharas and the cave shrines, called Chaityas, were for congregational worship. [31] The earliest rock-cut garbhagriha , similar to free-standing ones later, had an inner circular chamber with pillars to create a circumambulatory path ( pradakshina ) around the stupa and an outer rectangular hall for the ...
The central square space of the interior of the viharas is defined by square columns forming a more-or-less square open area. Outside this are long rectangular aisles on each side, forming a kind of cloister. Along the side and rear walls are a number of small cells entered by a narrow doorway; these are roughly square, and have small niches on ...
Somapura Mahavihara (Bengali: সোমপুর মহাবিহার, romanized: Shompur Môhabihar) or Paharpur Buddhist Vihara (Bengali: পাহাড়পুর বৌদ্ধ বিহার, romanized: Pāhāṛpur baud'dha bihār) in Paharpur, Badalgachhi, Naogaon, Bangladesh is among the best known Buddhist viharas or monasteries in the Indian Subcontinent and is one of the ...
According to Xuanzang, Harsha was a third generation Hindu king from the Vaishya caste, who built majestic Buddhist viharas, as well as three temples – Buddha, Surya and Shiva, all of the same size. [67] He states (c. 637 CE), "a long succession of kings" had built up Nalanda till "the whole is truly marvellous to behold". [68]
[1] [5] The group contains several categories of monuments: ratha temples with monolithic processional chariots, built between 630 and 668; mandapa viharas (cave temples) with narratives from the Mahabharata and Shaivite, Shakti or Shaaktha and Vaishnava inscriptions in a number of Indian languages and scripts; rock reliefs (particularly bas ...
Abhayagiri of Anuradhapura. Uttar-Vihara, also called Abhayagiri Vihara [1] [2] was a famous vihara in the ancient capital of Sri Lanka. [3] This Vihara was one of the 4 Vihara built during the reign of King Tishya, which was also called the "Vihara of the North". [4]