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Largely based on the ideas of political theorist John Locke, [3] the Bill sets out a constitutional requirement for the Crown to seek the consent of the people as represented in Parliament. [ 4 ] [ 5 ] As well as setting limits on the powers of the monarch , it established the rights of Parliament, including regular parliaments, free elections ...
In the Dutch Republic, Locke met Philipp van Limborch, a Professor of Divinity. It was to be a discussion with Limborch that persuaded Locke to temporarily put aside his work on An Essay Concerning Human Understanding and put forth his ideas on toleration. Locke wrote the Letter during the winter of 1685–86. [5]
Philosopher John Locke is often credited with founding liberalism as ... He gave an impassioned defence of free speech, arguing that free discourse is a necessary ...
John Locke's portrait by Godfrey Kneller, National Portrait Gallery, London. John Locke (/ l ɒ k /; 29 August 1632 – 28 October 1704 ()) [13] was an English philosopher and physician, widely regarded as one of the most influential of the Enlightenment thinkers and commonly known as the "father of liberalism".
Eric Barendt has called this defence of free speech on the grounds of democracy "probably the most attractive and certainly the most fashionable free speech theory in modern Western democracies". [25] Thomas I. Emerson expanded on this defence when he argued that freedom of speech helps to provide a balance between stability and change.
The belief that free trade would promote peace was widely shared by English liberals of the 19th and early 20th century, leading the economist John Maynard Keynes (1883–1946), who was a classical liberal in his early life, to say that this was a doctrine on which he was "brought up" and which he held unquestioned only until the 1920s. [106]
[17] George Mason was an elder-planter who had originally stated John Locke's theory of natural rights: "All men are born equally free and independent and have certain inherent natural rights of which they cannot, by any compact, deprive or divest their posterity; among which are the enjoyment of life and liberty, with the means of acquiring ...
John Stuart Mill's 1859 essay On Liberty is a cornerstone in the history of civil discourse. Mill argued for the freedom of expression, positing that open debate is essential for societal progress. His concept of the "marketplace of ideas" suggests that free and open debate allows the best ideas to prevail. [13]