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Table of specific heat capacities at 25 °C (298 K) unless otherwise noted. [citation needed] Notable minima and maxima are shown in maroon. Substance Phase Isobaric mass heat capacity c P J⋅g −1 ⋅K −1 Molar heat capacity, C P,m and C V,m J⋅mol −1 ⋅K −1 Isobaric volumetric heat capacity C P,v J⋅cm −3 ⋅K −1 Isochoric ...
For example, the heat required to raise the temperature of 1 kg of water by 1 K is 4184 joules, so the specific heat capacity of water is 4184 J⋅kg −1 ⋅K −1. [3] Specific heat capacity often varies with temperature, and is different for each state of matter.
In those contexts, the unit of heat capacity is 1 BTU/°R ≈ 1900 J/K. [5] The BTU was in fact defined so that the average heat capacity of one pound of water would be 1 BTU/°F. In this regard, with respect to mass, note conversion of 1 Btu/lb⋅°R ≈ 4,187 J/kg⋅K [ 6 ] and the calorie (below).
The SI unit of volumetric heat capacity is joule per kelvin per cubic meter, J⋅K −1 ⋅m −3. The volumetric heat capacity can also be expressed as the specific heat capacity (heat capacity per unit of mass, in J⋅K −1 ⋅kg −1) times the density of the substance (in kg/L, or g/mL). [1]
The saturated vapor pressure over water in the temperature range of −100 °C to −50 °C is only extrapolated [Translator's note: Supercooled liquid water is not known to exist below −42 °C]. The values have various units (Pa, hPa or bar), which must be considered when reading them.
The heat transfer coefficient has SI units in watts per square meter per kelvin (W/(m 2 K)). The overall heat transfer rate for combined modes is usually expressed in terms of an overall conductance or heat transfer coefficient, U. In that case, the heat transfer rate is: ˙ = where (in SI units):
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List of orders of magnitude for specific heat capacity; SI prefix Factor Value J·kg −1 ·K −1 Item Deca-10 1: 94 Radon: Hecto-10 2: 120 Uranium: 129 Gold: 130 Iridium: Osmium: 139 Mercury: 145 Iodine: 158 Xenon: 240 Caesium: 246 Ethanol: 248 Krypton: 363 Rubidium: 377.48 Brass: 385 Copper: 420 Cobalt: 444 Iron: 480 Bromine: Chlorine: 502 ...