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The epiphyseal plate, epiphysial plate, physis, or growth plate is a hyaline cartilage plate in the metaphysis at each end of a long bone.It is the part of a long bone where new bone growth takes place; that is, the whole bone is alive, with maintenance remodeling throughout its existing bone tissue, but the growth plate is the place where the long bone grows longer (adds length).
dia-+ physis, "between the growth parts" epiphysis: The end regions of a long bone; regions of secondary ossification. epi-+ physis, "on top of the growth part" physis (epiphyseal plate) Also known as the growth plate. In a long bone it is a thin disc of hyaline cartilage that is positioned transversely between the epiphysis and metaphysis. In ...
The metaphysis may be divided anatomically into three components based on tissue content: a cartilaginous component (epiphyseal plate), a bony component (metaphysis) and a fibrous component surrounding the periphery of the plate. The growth plate synchronizes chondrogenesis with osteogenesis or interstitial cartilage growth with both ...
Epiphyseal growth plate: This transverse layer lies between the epiphysis and diaphysis. It’s composed of highly active chondrocytes and responsible for longitudinal bone growth. Consequently, the bone elongates at this growth plate until closure occurs at skeletal maturity.
Bone growth in length is stimulated by the production of growth hormone (GH), a secretion of the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland. The long bone category includes the femora, tibiae, and fibulae of the legs; the humeri , radii , and ulnae of the arms; metacarpals and metatarsals of the hands and feet, the phalanges of the fingers and toes ...
However, these transverse notches lack the typical cell columns found in normal growth plates, and do not contribute significantly to longitudinal bone growth. [12] Pseudo-epiphyses are found at the distal end of the first metacarpal bone in 80% of the normal population, and at the proximal end of the second metacarpal in 60%.
Most growth plate fractures heal without any lasting effects. [1] Rarely, bridging bone may form across the fracture, causing stunted growth and/or curving. [1] In such cases, the bridging bone may need to be surgically removed. [1] A growth plate fracture may also stimulate growth, causing a longer bone than the corresponding bone on the other ...
During growth, the growth plates are located distally on the metatarsals, except on the first metatarsal where it is located proximally. Yet it is quite common to have an accessory growth plate on the distal first metatarsal. [5]