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The use of podiatry drills, in the absence of engineering controls and personal protective equipment, is an occupational hazard to the healthcare provider.Nail dust collected during foot care procedures performed in office settings has been found to contain keratin, keratin hydrolysates, microbial debris, and viable fungal elements, including dermatophytes (most commonly Trichophyton rubrum ...
Onychoschizia, also known as nail splitting and brittle nails, is a splitting of the free-edged tip of the nail. [1] There is also often a longitudinal split in addition to the separation of keratin layers.
Onycholysis is a common medical condition characterized by the painless detachment of the nail from the nail bed, usually starting at the tip and/or sides. [1] On the hands, it occurs particularly on the ring finger but can occur on any of the fingernails.
Scale: Dry or greasy laminated masses of keratin, [30] they represent thickened stratum corneum. [29] Crust: Dried sebum usually mixed with epithelial and sometimes bacterial debris [10] Lichenification: Epidermal thickening characterized by visible and palpable thickening of the skin with accentuated skin markings [1]
Pachyonychia congenita (often abbreviated as "PC") is a rare group of autosomal dominant skin disorders that are caused by a mutation in one of five different keratin genes. Pachyonychia congenita is often associated with thickened toenails, plantar keratoderma, and plantar pain.
While ingrown nails can occur in the nails of both the hands and the feet, they occur most commonly with the toenails (as opposed to fingernails). [citation needed] A common misconception is that the cause of an ingrown toenail is the nail growing into the paronychium, but it can also be caused by overgrown toe skin. [2]
Under the free margin of the nail, hyperkeratosis causes the nail plate to pull up and results in a deformity that resembles a gaping toecap separated from the sole at the seam. Pitting and sporadic cross-ridging of the nail plate are more common in fingernails than toenails.
Hyperkeratosis is thickening of the stratum corneum (the outermost layer of the epidermis, or skin), often associated with the presence of an abnormal quantity of keratin, [1] and is usually accompanied by an increase in the granular layer. As the corneum layer normally varies greatly in thickness in different sites, some experience is needed ...