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  2. Trough (meteorology) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trough_(meteorology)

    A trough is an elongated region of relatively low atmospheric pressure without a closed isobaric contour that would define it as a low pressure area. Since low pressure implies a low height on a pressure surface, troughs and ridges refer to features in an identical sense as those on a topographic map. Troughs may be at the surface, or aloft, at ...

  3. Ridge (meteorology) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ridge_(meteorology)

    Ridge line extending to the left of the high pressure center (H). In meteorology a ridge or barometric ridge is an elongated area of relatively high atmospheric pressure compared to the surrounding environment, without being a closed circulation. [1] It is associated with an area of maximum anticyclonic curvature of wind flow.

  4. Tonga–Kermadec Ridge - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tonga–Kermadec_Ridge

    It is divided into two segments, the northern Tonga Ridge and southern Kermadec Ridge, by the Louisville Seamount Chain. On its western side, the ridge is flanked by two back-arc basins, the Lau Basin and Havre Trough, that began opening at 6 Ma and 2 Ma respectively. Beyound the basins is the Lau-Colville Ridge. Together with these seafloor ...

  5. Lau–Colville Ridge - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lau–Colville_Ridge

    The southern Colville Ridge (also known as Khrebet Kolvil-Lau from Russian Хребет Колвил-Лау [1])forms the western boundary of the Havre Trough. [ 8 ] [ 9 ] The Havre Trough has had rift extension for the last 2 million years between the Australian plate and the Kermadec microplate and this extends into Zealandia 's continental ...

  6. Shortwave (meteorology) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shortwave_(meteorology)

    Shortwave trough with associated vorticity. A shortwave or shortwave trough is an embedded kink in the trough / ridge pattern. Its length scale is much smaller than that of and is embedded within longwaves, which are responsible for the largest scale (synoptic scale) weather systems.

  7. Cayman Trough - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cayman_Trough

    Within the trough is a slowly spreading north–south ridge which may be the result of an offset or gap of approximately 420 kilometres (260 mi) along the main fault trace. The Cayman spreading ridge shows a long-term opening rate of 11–12 mm/yr. [4] The eastern section of the trough has been named the Gonâve Microplate.

  8. Geopotential height - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geopotential_height

    A plot of geopotential height for a single pressure level in the atmosphere shows the troughs and ridges (highs and lows) which are typically seen on upper air charts. The geopotential thickness between pressure levels – difference of the 850 hPa and 1000 hPa geopotential heights for example – is proportional to mean virtual temperature in ...

  9. Mariana Trough - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mariana_Trough

    The Trough is crudely crescent-shaped, opening on the south; it is bounded to the east by the active Mariana arc, to the west by the remnant arc of the West Mariana Ridge , and to the south by the Challenger Deep, part of the Mariana Trench. It narrows northward until the Mariana arc and West Mariana Ridge meet at about 24°N.