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In magnetostatics, the force of attraction or repulsion between two current-carrying wires (see first figure below) is often called Ampère's force law. The physical origin of this force is that each wire generates a magnetic field , following the Biot–Savart law , and the other wire experiences a magnetic force as a consequence, following ...
Ampère's force law [15] [16] states that there is an attractive or repulsive force between two parallel wires carrying an electric current. This force is used in the formal definition of the ampere. The SI unit of charge, the coulomb, was then defined as "the quantity of electricity carried in 1 second by a current of 1 ampere".
Pairs of parallel Birkeland currents will also interact due to Ampère's force law: parallel Birkeland currents moving in the same direction will attract each other with an electromagnetic force inversely proportional to their distance apart whilst parallel Birkeland currents moving in opposite directions will repel each other. There is also a ...
[55]: 189–192 Later, Franz Ernst Neumann proved that, for a moving conductor in a magnetic field, induction is a consequence of Ampère's force law. [55]: 222 In the process, he introduced the magnetic vector potential, which was later shown to be equivalent to the underlying mechanism proposed by Faraday. [55]: 225
Ørsted's work influenced Ampère to conduct further experiments, which eventually gave rise to a new area of physics: electrodynamics. By determining a force law for the interaction between elements of electric current, Ampère placed the subject on a solid mathematical foundation. [25]
In classical electromagnetism, Ampère's circuital law (not to be confused with Ampère's force law) [1] relates the circulation of a magnetic field around a closed loop to the electric current passing through the loop. James Clerk Maxwell derived it using hydrodynamics in his 1861 published paper "On Physical Lines of Force". [2]
Ampère's circuital law, a rule relating the current in a conductor to the magnetic field around it; Ampère's force law, the force of attraction or repulsion between two current-carrying wires; Monge–Ampère equation, a type of nonlinear second order partial differential equation; AMPERS, the Association of Minnesota Public Educational Radio ...
The I symbol was used by André-Marie Ampère, after whom the unit of electric current is named, in formulating Ampère's force law (1820). [8] The notation travelled from France to Great Britain, where it became standard, although at least one journal did not change from using C to I until 1896. [9]