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  2. Sympathoadrenal system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sympathoadrenal_system

    Beginning in the sympathetic nervous system, an external stimulus affects the adrenal medulla and causes a release of catecholamines. The sympathoadrenal system is a physiological connection between the sympathetic nervous system and the adrenal medulla and is crucial in an organism's physiological response to outside stimuli. [1]

  3. Sympathetic nervous system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sympathetic_nervous_system

    Therefore, this response that acts primarily on the cardiovascular system is mediated directly via impulses transmitted through the sympathetic nervous system and indirectly via catecholamines secreted from the adrenal medulla. The sympathetic nervous system is responsible for priming the body for action, particularly in situations threatening ...

  4. Adrenal medulla - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adrenal_medulla

    The adrenal medulla is the principal site of the conversion of the amino acid tyrosine into the catecholamines; epinephrine, norepinephrine, and dopamine. Because the ANS, specifically the sympathetic division, exerts direct control over the chromaffin cells , the hormone release can occur rather quickly. [ 2 ]

  5. Neuroendocrine cell - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neuroendocrine_cell

    An example of a neuroendocrine cell is a cell of the adrenal medulla (innermost part of the adrenal gland), which releases adrenaline to the blood. The adrenal medullary cells are controlled by the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system. These cells are modified postganglionic neurons. Autonomic nerve fibers lead directly to them ...

  6. Neurohormone - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neurohormone

    Adrenomedullary hormones are catecholamines secreted from the adrenal medulla by chromaffin cells, neurosecretory cells connected to the central nervous system. [10] The synthesis, storage (in chromaffin cells) and release of catecholamines is co-regulated by synaptic input from their respective pre-synaptic sympathetic neurons, as well as ...

  7. Table of neurotransmitter actions in the ANS - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Table_of_neurotransmitter...

    Sympathetic (adrenergic) Parasympathetic (muscarinic) pancreas : α2: decreases insulin secretion from beta cells, increases glucagon secretion from alpha cells: M3: [11] [12] increases secretion of both insulin and glucagon. [11] [12] adrenal medulla: N (nicotinic ACh receptor): secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine---

  8. Alpha-2 adrenergic receptor - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alpha-2_adrenergic_receptor

    The α 2-adrenergic receptor binds both norepinephrine released by sympathetic postganglionic fibers and epinephrine (adrenaline) released by the adrenal medulla, binding norepinephrine with slightly higher affinity. [4] It has several general functions in common with the α 1-adrenergic receptor, but also has specific effects of its own.

  9. Postganglionic nerve fibers - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Postganglionic_nerve_fibers

    In the sympathetic division, neurons are mostly adrenergic (that is, epinephrine and norepinephrine function as the primary neurotransmitters). Notable exceptions to this rule include the sympathetic innervation of sweat glands and arrectores pilorum muscles where the neurotransmitter at both pre and post ganglionic synapses is acetylcholine.