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  2. Complex number - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Complex_number

    In mathematics, a complex number is an element of a number system that extends the real numbers with a ... [5] The real part of a complex number z is denoted Re(z ...

  3. Imaginary number - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imaginary_number

    An illustration of the complex plane. The imaginary numbers are on the vertical coordinate axis. Although the Greek mathematician and engineer Heron of Alexandria is noted as the first to present a calculation involving the square root of a negative number, [6] [7] it was Rafael Bombelli who first set down the rules for multiplication of complex numbers in 1572.

  4. List of types of numbers - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_types_of_numbers

    Algebraic number: Any number that is the root of a non-zero polynomial with rational coefficients. Transcendental number: Any real or complex number that is not algebraic. Examples include e and π. Trigonometric number: Any number that is the sine or cosine of a rational multiple of π.

  5. Complex-base system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Complex-base_system

    In arithmetic, a complex-base system is a positional numeral system whose radix is an imaginary (proposed by Donald Knuth in 1955 [1] [2]) or complex number (proposed by S. Khmelnik in 1964 [3] and Walter F. Penney in 1965 [4] [5] [6]).

  6. Argument (complex analysis) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Argument_(complex_analysis)

    Figure 1. This Argand diagram represents the complex number lying on a plane.For each point on the plane, arg is the function which returns the angle . In mathematics (particularly in complex analysis), the argument of a complex number z, denoted arg(z), is the angle between the positive real axis and the line joining the origin and z, represented as a point in the complex plane, shown as in ...

  7. Hypercomplex number - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypercomplex_number

    The complex numbers are the only 2-dimensional hypercomplex algebra that is a field. Split algebras such as the split-complex numbers that include non-real roots of 1 also contain idempotents and zero divisors (+) =, so such algebras cannot be division algebras.

  8. Number - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Number

    In mathematics, the notion of number has been extended over the centuries to include zero (0), [3] negative numbers, [4] rational numbers such as one half (), real numbers such as the square root of 2 and π, [5] and complex numbers [6] which extend the real numbers with a square root of −1 (and its combinations with real numbers by adding or ...

  9. 5 - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/5

    5 is a Fermat prime, a Mersenne prime exponent, as well as a Fibonacci number. 5 is the first congruent number, as well as the length of the hypotenuse of the smallest integer-sided right triangle, making part of the smallest Pythagorean triple (3, 4, 5). [1] 5 is the first safe prime [2] and the first good prime.