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Both Americans and Europeans have historically called Native Americans "Red Indians". The term was largely used in the 18th to 20th centuries, partially based on the color metaphors for race which colonists and settlers historically used in North America and Europe, and also to distinguish Native Americans from the Indian people of India.
A 2019 poll by University of California, Berkeley surveyed 1,021 Native Americans, twice as many as in any previous polls. [162] 38% of self-identified Native Americans said they were not bothered by the Washington Redskins name. But 49% overall said it was offensive, along with 67% of respondents who were heavily engaged in their native or ...
The survey of Native American opinion most frequently cited by opponents of change was performed in 2004 as part of the National Annenberg Election Survey.Among other questions about election-year issues, respondents who identified themselves as Native American were asked: "The professional football team in Washington calls itself the Washington Redskins.
Sports teams named Redskins are part of the larger controversy regarding the use of Native American names, images and symbols by non-native sports teams. Teams of this name have received particular public attention because the term redskin is now generally regarded as disparaging and offensive.
The Washington Redhawks was a culture jam created by a group of Native Americans to draw attention to the Washington Redskins name controversy. In 2020, the team retired the Redskins branding amidst the removal of many names and images as part of the George Floyd protests. The football team was renamed the Washington Commanders in 2022.
Blackhorse is the lead plaintiff in Blackhorse v.Pro-Football, Inc., [3] which seeks to revoke trademark protection of the term "Washington Redskins". [4] The case was actually begun by Susan Harjo, but Blackhorse is known by its rekindled efforts because her name is alphabetically first out of the new plaintiffs.
Advocates for the name suggest that, because some Native Americans use the name to refer to themselves, it is not insulting. [154] But, the principal of Red Mesa High School , a Native American-majority school in Teec Nos Pos, Arizona , said that use of the word outside American Indian communities should be avoided because it could perpetuate ...
[89] [90] In an interview on May 2, 2014, Senator John McCain stated that he would probably change the name because there are Native Americans who are offended. [91] Former Attorney General Eric Holder gave his personal opinion, as a fan of the team, the name should change, saying that it is offensive. [92]