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2. Stone sealer - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stone_sealer

   Efflorescence is usually the result of mineral solutions in the capillary channels being drawn to the surface. If the water evaporates, the minerals remain as the so-called efflorescence. It also can be the result of chemical reaction; if badly prepared cement-based mortar is applied to maintain the stone in position, free calcium hydroxide may ...

3. Efflorescence - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Efflorescence

   Primary efflorescence is named such, as it typically occurs during the initial cure of a cementitious product. It often occurs on masonry construction, particularly brick, as well as some firestop mortars, when water moving through a wall or other structure, or water being driven out as a result of the heat of hydration as cement stone is being formed, brings salts to the surface that are not ...

4. Barium carbonate - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barium_carbonate

   In the brick, tile, earthenware and pottery industries barium carbonate is added to clays to precipitate soluble salts (calcium sulfate and magnesium sulfate) that cause efflorescence. It is sometimes used as an "energiser" in the Case-hardening process.

5. Sulfate attack in concrete and mortar - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sulfate_attack_in_concrete...

   In masonry, sulfates produced by the oxidation of pyrite in clay materials can be present in bricks. They are gradually released over a long period of time, causing sulfate attack of mortar, especially where moisture movement concentrates the sulfates. [4]

6. Concrete degradation - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concrete_degradation

   Example of secondary efflorescence in parking garage exposed to diluted road salt from vehicles entering the garage during winter. When water flows through cracks present in concrete, water may dissolve various minerals present in the hardened cement paste or in the aggregates, if the solution is unsaturated with respect to them.

7. AOL Mail

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   Get AOL Mail for FREE! Manage your email like never before with travel, photo & document views. Personalize your inbox with themes & tabs. You've Got Mail!