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In toxicology, the median lethal dose, LD 50 (abbreviation for "lethal dose, 50%"), LC 50 (lethal concentration, 50%) or LCt 50 is a toxic unit that measures the lethal dose of a given substance. [1] The value of LD 50 for a substance is the dose required to kill half the members of a tested population after a specified test duration.
The median lethal dose, LD 50 (abbreviation for "lethal dose, 50%"), LC 50 (lethal concentration, 50%) or LCt 50 (lethal concentration and time) of a toxin, radiation, or pathogen is the dose required to kill half the members of a tested population after a specified test duration.
TTX is extremely toxic. The material safety data sheet for TTX lists the oral median lethal dose (LD 50) for mice as 334 μg per kg. [47] For comparison, the oral LD 50 of potassium cyanide for mice is 8,500 μg per kg, [48] demonstrating that even orally, TTX is more poisonous than cyanide. TTX is even more dangerous if administered ...
Absolute lethal concentration, LC 100; Absolute lethal dose, LD 100 The most referenced value in the chemical industry is the median lethal dose, or LD50. This is the concentration of substance which resulted in the death of 50% of test subjects (typically mice or rats) in the laboratory.
In animal studies with mice, the median lethal dose of TTX was found to be 232 μg per kg body weight. [17] Tetrodotoxin levels are affected by preparation (removal of most toxic materials, treatments such as curing and pickling, see below); it is, however, reportedly not significantly affected by cooking. [18]
LD50 or LD 50 = Median lethal dose, a dose that will kill 50% of an exposed population; NOEL = No-Observed-Effect-Level, the highest dose known to show no effect; NOAEL = No-Observed-Adverse-Effect-Level, the highest dose known to show no adverse effects; PEL = Permissible Exposure Limit, the highest concentration permitted under US OSHA ...
The toxin has been investigated and is a water-soluble protein, 40 μg of which provides a median lethal dose to mice weighing 20 grams (0.71 oz). [10] Millepora alcicornis has no commercial uses but is sometimes kept in reef aquaria. It requires high water movement and bright light to flourish and its health can be judged by its colour, a ...
The lowest lethal dose for a child is not known, but death occurred in a 3.5-year-old child who had ingested 40 mg/kg rotenone solution. [49] Human deaths from rotenone poisoning are rare because its irritating action causes vomiting. [50] Deliberate ingestion of rotenone can be fatal. [49]