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  2. Hall–Héroult process - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hall–Héroult_process

    The Hall–Héroult process is the major industrial process for smelting aluminium. It involves dissolving aluminium oxide (alumina) (obtained most often from bauxite , aluminium 's chief ore, through the Bayer process ) in molten cryolite and electrolyzing the molten salt bath, typically in a purpose-built cell.

  3. Aluminium smelting - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aluminium_smelting

    The Hall-Héroult electrolysis process is the major production route for primary aluminium. An electrolytic cell is made of a steel shell with a series of insulating linings of refractory materials. The cell consists of a brick-lined outer steel shell as a container and support. Inside the shell, cathode blocks are cemented together by ramming ...

  4. Carl Josef Bayer - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Josef_Bayer

    The HallHeroult method is the primary method of producing modern aluminium and requires high purity alumina to produce aluminium. The Bayer process produces high purity alumina which is then used in the Hall–Heroult process as the main raw material. [9]

  5. Cryolite - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryolite

    Molten cryolite is used as a solvent for aluminium oxide (Al 2 O 3) in the Hall–Héroult process, used in the refining of aluminium. It decreases the melting point of aluminium oxide from 2000–2500 °C to 900–1000 °C, and increases its conductivity [16] thus making the extraction of aluminium more economical. [17]

  6. Aluminium recycling - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aluminium_recycling

    Aluminium recycling is the process in which secondary commercial aluminium is created from scrap or other forms of end-of-life or otherwise unusable aluminium. [1] It involves re-melting the metal, which is cheaper and more energy-efficient than the production of virgin aluminium by electrolysis of alumina (Al 2 O 3 ) refined from raw bauxite ...

  7. Electric Smelting and Aluminum Company - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_Smelting_and...

    The Cowles process was the immediate predecessor to the Hall-Héroult process—today in nearly universal use more than a century after it was discovered by Charles Martin Hall and Paul Héroult and adapted by others including Carl Josef Bayer. Because of the patent landscape, the Cowles companies found themselves in court.

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  9. History of aluminium - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_aluminium

    By then, Hall had failed to develop a commercial process for his first investors, and he turned to experimenting at Cowles' smelter in Lockport. He experimented for a year without much success but gained the attention of investors. [h] Hall co-founded the Pittsburgh Reduction Company in 1888 and initiated production of aluminium. [88]