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Hypoosmolar hyponatremia is a condition where hyponatremia is associated with a low plasma osmolality. [1] The term "hypotonic hyponatremia" is also sometimes used.[2]When the plasma osmolarity is low, the extracellular fluid volume status may be in one of three states: low volume, normal volume, or high volume.
Hyponatremia or hyponatraemia is a low concentration of sodium in the blood. [4] It is generally defined as a sodium concentration of less than 135 mmol/L (135 mEq/L), with severe hyponatremia being below 120 mEq/L. [3] [8] Symptoms can be absent, mild or severe.
In severe or acute hypoosmolar hyponatremia, swelling of brain cells causes various neurological abnormalities, which in severe or acute cases can result in convulsions, coma, and death. The symptoms of chronic syndrome of inappropriate antidiuresis are more vague, and may include cognitive impairment, gait abnormalities, or osteoporosis. [2]
But if symptoms do develop from hyponatremia, they are typically non-specific such as nausea/vomiting, headache, fatigue and muscle cramps/weakness. More severe hyponatremia (levels less than 120 ...
Hyponatremia, or low sodium, is the most commonly seen type of electrolyte imbalance. [ 12 ] [ 13 ] Treatment of electrolyte imbalance depends on the specific electrolyte involved and whether the levels are too high or too low. [ 3 ]
Donald Trump’s pick for defense secretary, Pete Hegseth, said gay people should be able to serve in the US military in an apparent shift from his previous stance on the issue.
Isotonic hyponatremia is a form of hyponatremia with mOsm measured between 280 and 295. It can be associated with pseudohyponatremia, or with isotonic infusion of glucose or mannitol . [ 1 ]
Every year, celebrities try to capitalize on the holiday season by releasing festive music. Singers like Mariah Carey, Ariana Grande, and Michael Bublé managed to perfect the cheesy art form.