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  2. Subsurface mapping by ambient noise tomography - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subsurface_mapping_by...

    A 2-dimensional or 3-dimensional velocity map, showing the spatial velocity difference of the subsurface, can thus be created for observing the geological structures. Subsurface mapping by ambient noise tomography can be applied in different fields, such as detecting the underground void space, [4] monitoring landslides, [5] and mapping the ...

  3. Isopach map - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isopach_map

    Isochore maps in geology are also referred to as True Vertical Thickness (TVT) maps. [2] [3] Thus, an isochore and isopach map are the same only when both the top and bottom surfaces of the layer shown are horizontal. When the layer shown is inclined, as is usually the case, the thicknesses displayed in an isochore map of the layer will be ...

  4. Geologic map - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geologic_map

    A geologic map or geological map is a special-purpose map made to show various geological features. Rock units or geologic strata are shown by color or symbols. Bedding planes and structural features such as faults , folds , are shown with strike and dip or trend and plunge symbols which give three-dimensional orientations features.

  5. Seismic velocity structure - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seismic_Velocity_Structure

    Seismic velocity structure analysis enables the generation of subsurface geological imagery, facilitating the identification and characterization of structures like faults and folds. [95] At a larger tectonic scale, it reveals prominent features, including subducting slabs , mantle plumes , and rift zones , thereby providing a comprehensive ...

  6. Cross section (geology) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cross_section_(geology)

    An example cross section of an anticline with a dike cutting through, with the map of its surface expression showing strike and dip information. Cross sections are made by interpreting and extrapolating a broad range of information about a region's geological characteristics. This can include data from the surface, subsurface, and existing ...

  7. Geophysical imaging - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geophysical_imaging

    Geophysical imaging techniques can be combined to create a more accurate image of the lithosphere. The techniques used to image the lithosphere can be used to map out the thermostructure of the Earth. In turn, the thermostructure reveals near surface processes such as seismicity, magma emplacement, and mineralization events.

  8. Geologic modelling - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geologic_modelling

    A geomodel is the numerical equivalent of a three-dimensional geological map complemented by a description of physical quantities in the domain of interest. [1] Geomodelling is related to the concept of Shared Earth Model; [2] which is a multidisciplinary, interoperable and updatable knowledge base about the subsurface.

  9. Geological survey - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geological_survey

    A geological survey is the systematic investigation of the geology beneath a given piece of ground for the purpose of creating a geological map or model.Geological surveying employs techniques from the traditional walk-over survey, studying outcrops and landforms, to intrusive methods, such as hand augering and machine-driven boreholes, to the use of geophysical techniques and remote sensing ...