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A silicon–oxygen bond (Si−O bond) is a chemical bond between silicon and oxygen atoms that can be found in many inorganic and organic compounds. [1] In a silicon–oxygen bond, electrons are shared unequally between the two atoms, with oxygen taking the larger share due to its greater electronegativity.
Orthosilicic acid (/ ˌ ɔːr θ ə s ɪ ˈ l ɪ s ɪ k /) is an inorganic compound with the formula Si(O H) 4. Although rarely observed, it is the key compound of silica and silicates and the precursor to other silicic acids [H 2x SiO x+2] n. Silicic acids play important roles in biomineralization and technology.
Dimethyldichlorosilane (Si(CH 3) 2 Cl 2) is a key precursor to cyclic (D 3, D 4, etc.) and linear siloxanes. [5] The main route to siloxane functional group is by hydrolysis of silicon chlorides: 2 R 3 Si−Cl + H 2 O → R 3 Si−O−SiR 3 + 2 HCl. The reaction proceeds via the initial formation of silanols (R 3 Si−OH): R 3 Si−Cl + H 2 O ...
The first crystalline silicic acid was prepared from the phyllosilicate natrosilite (Na 2 Si 2 O 5) in 1924. More than 15 crystalline acids are known and comprise at least six modifications of H 2 Si 2 O 5. Some acids can adsorb and intercalate organic molecules, and therefore are interesting alternatives to silica. [10]
The general formula is (Si x O 3x) 2x−, where one or more silicon atoms can be replaced by other 4-coordinated atom(s). The silicon:oxygen ratio is 1:3. Double rings have the formula (Si 2x O 5x) 2x− or a 2:5 ratio. The Nickel–Strunz classification is 09.C. Possible ring sizes include:
Disiloxane has the chemical formula Si 2 H 6 O. It is the simplest known siloxane with hydrogen only R groups. The molecule contains six equivalent Si−H bonds and two equivalent Si−O bonds. Disiloxane exists as a colorless, pungent gas under standard conditions. However, it is generally safe for human use as evidence in its widespread use ...
In the thermodynamically stable room-temperature form, α-quartz, these tetrahedra are linked in intertwined helical chains with two different Si–O distances (159.7 and 161.7 pm) with a Si–O–Si angle of 144°. These helices can be either left- or right-handed, so that individual α-quartz crystals are optically active.
A silicate is any member of a family of polyatomic anions consisting of silicon and oxygen, usually with the general formula [SiO (4-2x)− 4−x] n, where 0 ≤ x < 2. The family includes orthosilicate SiO 4− 4 (x = 0), metasilicate SiO 2− 3 (x = 1), and pyrosilicate Si 2 O 6− 7 (x = 0.5, n = 2).