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Silicon dioxide, also known as silica, is an oxide of silicon with the chemical formula SiO 2, commonly found in nature as quartz. [5] [6] In many parts of the world, silica is the major constituent of sand. Silica is one of the most complex and abundant families of materials, existing as a compound of several minerals and as a synthetic product.
Quartz is a hard, crystalline mineral composed of silica (silicon dioxide).The atoms are linked in a continuous framework of SiO 4 silicon–oxygen tetrahedra, with each oxygen being shared between two tetrahedra, giving an overall chemical formula of SiO 2.
The general formula is (Si x O 3x) 2x−, where one or more silicon atoms can be replaced by other 4-coordinated atom(s). The silicon:oxygen ratio is 1:3. Double rings have the formula (Si 2x O 5x) 2x− or a 2:5 ratio. The Nickel–Strunz classification is 09.C. Possible ring sizes include:
Silica gel is an amorphous and porous form of silicon dioxide (silica), consisting of an irregular tridimensional framework of alternating silicon and oxygen atoms with nanometer-scale voids and pores. The voids may contain water or some other liquids, or may be filled by gas or vacuum.
Silicon tetrachloride is manufactured on a huge scale as a precursor to the production of pure silicon, silicon dioxide, and some silicon esters. [11] The silicon tetrahalides hydrolyse readily in water, unlike the carbon tetrahalides, again because of the larger size of the silicon atom rendering it more open to nucleophilic attack and the ...
Structure of the orthosilicate anion SiO 4− 4. A silicate is any member of a family of polyatomic anions consisting of silicon and oxygen, usually with the general formula [SiO (4-2x)− 4−x] n, where 0 ≤ x < 2. The family includes orthosilicate SiO 4− 4 (x = 0), metasilicate SiO 2− 3 (x = 1), and pyrosilicate Si 2 O 6− 7 (x = 0.5 ...
Aluminum silicate (or aluminium silicate) is a name commonly applied to chemical compounds which are derived from aluminium oxide, Al 2 O 3 and silicon dioxide, SiO 2 which may be anhydrous or hydrated, naturally occurring as minerals or synthetic. Their chemical formulae are often expressed as xAl 2 O 3 ·ySiO 2 ·zH 2 O. It is known as E ...
Silicalite is an inorganic compound with the formula SiO 2. It is one of several forms of silicon dioxide. It is a white solid. It consists of tetrahedral silicon centers and two-coordinate oxides. It is prepared by hydrothermal reaction using tetrapropylammonium hydroxide followed by calcining to remove residual ammonium salts.