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By contrast, Armenia was re-upgraded from an authoritarian regime to a hybrid regime as a result of constitutional changes that shifted power from the presidency to parliament. [12] In 2017, the Gambia was upgraded again from an authoritarian regime to a hybrid regime after Yahya Jammeh , who was president from 1996 to 2017, was defeated by ...
Some countries such as Venezuela, among others, that are currently or historically recognized as authoritarian did not become authoritarian upon taking power or fluctuated between an authoritarian, flawed democracy, and hybrid regime due to periods of democratic backsliding or democratization.
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It covers 196 countries and territories and is published by the Swiss-based company, Global Risk Profile. [8] UK. The Economist Democracy Index, published by the UK-based Economist Intelligence Unit, is an assessment of countries' democracy. Countries are rated as full democracies, flawed democracies, hybrid regimes, or authoritarian regimes ...
2.2 Authoritarian regimes. 2.3 Countries with limited recognition. 2.4 Colonies and dependencies. 3 References. 4 External links. Toggle the table of contents.
Other authoritarian regimes have deployed satellite or "puppet" parties to appear to strengthen the legitimacy of their rule, from the socialist state of East Germany to the totalitarian ...
According to Yale professor Juan José Linz there are three main types of political systems today: democracies, totalitarian regimes and, sitting between these two, authoritarian regimes with hybrid regimes. [2] [3] Another modern classification system includes monarchies as a standalone entity or as a hybrid system of the main three. [4]
In 2005, the bank cut off funding for Ethiopia after the country’s authoritarian leaders massacred scores of people and arrested some 20,000 political opponents following disputed elections. A year later, the bank lifted its ban, launching a new strategy of funding local and state governments rather than central authorities.