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  2. Protist - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protist

    A protist (/ ˈ p r oʊ t ɪ s t / PROH-tist) or protoctist is any eukaryotic organism that is not an animal, land plant, or fungus.Protists do not form a natural group, or clade, but are a polyphyletic grouping of several independent clades that evolved from the last eukaryotic common ancestor.

  3. Eukaryote - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eukaryote

    Many eukaryotes are unicellular; the informal grouping called protists includes many of these, with some multicellular forms like the giant kelp up to 200 feet (61 m) long. [10] The multicellular eukaryotes include the animals, plants, and fungi , but again, these groups too contain many unicellular species . [ 11 ]

  4. Eukaryogenesis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eukaryogenesis

    The last eukaryotic common ancestor (LECA) is the hypothetical last common ancestor of all living eukaryotes, around 2 billion years ago, [3] [4] and was most likely a biological population. [8] It is believed to have been a protist with a nucleus, at least one centriole and cilium , facultatively aerobic mitochondria, sex ( meiosis and syngamy ...

  5. Taxonomy of Protista - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taxonomy_of_Protista

    A protist (/ ˈ p r oʊ t ɪ s t /) is any eukaryotic organism (one with cells containing a nucleus) that is not an animal, plant, or fungus.The protists do not form a natural group, or clade, since they exclude certain eukaryotes with whom they share a common ancestor; [a] but, like algae or invertebrates, the grouping is used for convenience.

  6. Two-domain system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Two-domain_system

    Eukaryotes have a nucleus in their cells, and include: Protists – many unicellular eukaryotes including malarial parasites, amoeba, and diatoms. [69] Kingdom Fungi – eukaryotes such as mushroom, yeast, and mould; all fungi. Kingdom Plantae – all plants. Kingdom Animalia – all animals.

  7. Evolution of sexual reproduction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evolution_of_sexual...

    Sexual reproduction appears to have arisen very early in eukaryotic evolution, implying that the essential features of meiosis were already present in the last eukaryotic common ancestor. [ 71 ] [ 67 ] [ 72 ] In extant organisms, proteins with central functions in meiosis are similar to key proteins in natural transformation in bacteria and DNA ...

  8. Protistology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protistology

    All eukaryotes apart from animals, plants and fungi are considered protists. [1] Its field of study therefore overlaps with the more traditional disciplines of phycology , mycology , and protozoology , just as protists embrace mostly unicellular organisms described as algae , some organisms regarded previously as primitive fungi , and protozoa ...

  9. Protists in the fossil record - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protists_in_the_fossil_record

    A protist is any eukaryotic organism (that is, an organism whose cells contain a cell nucleus) that is not an animal, plant, or fungus.While it is likely that protists share a common ancestor, the last eukaryotic common ancestor, [1] the exclusion of other eukaryotes means that protists do not form a natural group, or clade.