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the Emperor, Empress and Dowager Empress of Russia Ваше Императорское Высочество: Vashe Imperatorskoye Vysochestvo: Your Imperial Highness: Grand Dukes and Grand Duchesses (i.e. Imperial children and grandchildren; from 1797 to 1886 the title applied to great- and great-great-grandchildren as well) Ваше ...
Although Nicholas gave Count Alexander Benckendorff, the first Head Controller of the Section, few specific instructions, the Emperor intended the Third Section to act as Russia's “moral and political guardian.” [2] Just as Russia had ambassadors to other nations keeping the Emperor apprised of political conditions abroad, Nicholas saw the ...
The ordinary tribunals, in their organization, personnel and procedure, were modelled very closely on those of France.From the town judge (), who, in spite of the principle laid down in 1864, combines judicial and administrative functions, an appeal lies (as in the case of the justices of the community) to an assembly of such judges; from these again there is an appeal to the district court ...
The emperor had charge over Russia's administrative and external affairs, [14] and sole power to declare war, make peace and negotiate treaties, [15] as well as the supreme command of the armed forces. [16] The emperor also retained authority over the minting of money, [17] as well as the right to grant pardons and quash judicial proceedings. [18]
The tsar, the Boyar Duma and Consecrated Sobor comprised one house, and elected people of different ranks took part in sessions of another house. Deputies of the nobility and posad people had a major impact on the adoption of many of the norms of the Ulozheniye. On 29 January 1649, the drafting and editing of the Ulozheniye concluded.
The Emperor's response was issued formally on 14 June 1911 in the form of a memorandum from the Minister of the Imperial Court, Baron Vladimir Frederiks: [4] The Lord Emperor has seen fit to permit marriages to persons not possessing corresponding rank of not all Members of the Imperial Family, but only of Princes and Princesses of the Blood ...
most common for informal communication, comparable to Western name-only form of address (Ann, John), or Japanese surname-only, or surname/name -kun: Diminutive: Анька (Anka) short name stem + -к- -k-+ II declension ending: expresses familiarity, may be considered rude when used between people who are not close friends.
The nobility arose in the 12th and 13th centuries as the lowest part of the feudal military class, which comprised the court of a prince or an important boyar.From the 14th century land ownership by nobles increased, and by the 17th century, the bulk of feudal lords and the majority of landowners were nobles.