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[32] [33] Advantages of mitral valve repair over replacement include lower surgical mortality (~1% for repair vs ~5% for replacement [34]), lower rates of stroke and endocarditis (an infection of the heart’s inner lining), equivalent or better long‑term durability, [35] [36] [37] and improved long-term survival. [35]
A recent meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials by Amin et al (2024) showed that minimally invasive mitral valve surgery (MIMVS) reduced the number of days spent in the hospital and demonstrated a trend towards lower postoperative pain scores, but it did not decrease the risk of all-cause mortality or the number of patients needing blood ...
Valve replacement surgery is the replacement of one or more of the heart valves with either an artificial heart valve or a bioprosthesis (homograft from human tissue or xenograft e.g. from pig). It is an alternative to valve repair .
Mitral valve repair is a cardiac surgery procedure performed by cardiac surgeons to treat stenosis (narrowing) or regurgitation (leakage) of the mitral valve. The mitral valve is the "inflow valve" for the left side of the heart. Blood flows from the lungs, where it picks up oxygen, through the pulmonary veins, to the left atrium of the heart.
The patient was a 12-year-old girl with rheumatic mitral stenosis who underwent mitral valve repair. This surgery was hailed as a milestone by the British Medical Journal. It proved to have a mortality rate of 90 percent and it was abandoned by Cutler in 1928. Surgical repair for mitral valve stenosis was not reattempted until 1945. [2] [3]
For instance, repairs of congenital heart defects are currently estimated to have 4–6% mortality rates. [35] [36] A major concern with cardiac surgery is neurological damage. Stroke occurs in 2–3% of all people undergoing cardiac surgery, and the rate is higher in patients with other risk factors for stroke. [37]
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