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A typical Japanese high school classroom. Though upper-secondary school is not compulsory in Japan, 98.8% of all junior high school graduates enrolled as of 2020. [43] Upper secondary consists of three years. [44] Private upper-secondary schools account for about 55% of all upper-secondary schools.
In 1886, the modern elementary school system started as compulsory education. Until 1947, only elementary schools were compulsory. Immediately before and during World War II, state education was used as a propaganda tool by the Japanese fascist government. Today, virtually all elementary education takes place in public schools.
Flag of Japan. Curriculum guidelines (学習指導要領, Gakushū shidō yōryō) is a standard issued by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT) that specifies materials taught at all of elementary, junior and senior high schools in Japan, either public or private.
If they do not pass, they are not allowed to go to high school. Parents often send their children to cram schools (塾, juku) or private schools for test training purposes. [3] Most high schools in Japan have a numerical grading system from 5 to 1, with 5 being the highest grade and 1 being the lowest. [4]
Benjamin, Gail. Japanese Lessons: A Year in a Japanese School through the Eyes of an American Anthropologist and Her Children. New York: New York University Press, 1998. DeCoker, Gary, editor. National Standards and School Reform in Japan and the United States. New York: Teachers College Press, 2002. Ellington, Lucien.
Occupation policy makers and the United States Education Mission, set up in 1946, made a number of changes aimed at democratizing Japanese education: instituting the six-three-three grade structure (six years of elementary school, three of lower-secondary school, and three of upper-secondary school) and extending compulsory schooling to nine ...
A 15-year-old girl opened fire in the Abundant Life Christian School in Madison, Wisconsin, on Monday, killing a teacher and a student and wounding six others at the school she had attended ...
MEXT sends teachers around the world to serve in nihonjin gakkō, full-time Japanese international schools in foreign countries. [9] The Japanese government also sends full-time teachers to hoshū jugyō kō supplementary schools that offer lessons that are similar to those of nihonjin gakkō or those which each have student bodies of 100 ...