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A commode chair from Pakistan Museum collection of toilets, bed pans, hip baths, etc. The modern toilet commode is on the right. 19th century heavy wooden toilet commode. In British English, "commode" is the standard term for a commode chair, often on wheels, enclosing a chamber pot—as used in hospitals and the homes of disabled persons. [1]
Commodus (/ ˈ k ɒ m ə d ə s /; [5] 31 August 161 – 31 December 192) was a Roman emperor who ruled from 177 until his assassination in 192. For the first three years of his reign, he was co-emperor with his father Marcus Aurelius.
Commodus as Hercules, also known as The Bust of Commodus as Hercules, is a marble portrait sculpture created sometime in early 192 AD. [1] [2] It is housed in the Capitoline Museums in Rome, Italy. [2] Originally discovered in 1874 in the underground chambers of Horti Lamiani, [3] it has become one of the most famous examples of Roman ...
Born and raised in Rome into the empire's ruling family, Lucilla was a younger twin with her elder brother Gemellus Lucillae, who died around 150.Lucilla's maternal grandparents were Roman emperor Antoninus Pius and Roman empress Faustina the Elder and her paternal grandparents were Domitia Lucilla and praetor Marcus Annius Verus.
The Marlborough Cameo, identified as either Didius Julian and Manila Scantilla, or Commodus and Marcia. [3]To celebrate the Roman New Year in AD 192, Commodus decided he wanted to make an appearance before the Roman people not from the palace in traditional purple robes, but from the gladiator's barracks, escorted by the rest of the gladiators.
The Historia Augusta also indicates that August was the month named Commodus, but is internally inconsistent: [42] at one point, Hercules, the patron deity chosen by Commodus, is said to have been the namesake for September, [43] while elsewhere October is the mensis Herculeus, as it is on Dio's list. [44]
Providentia appeared on Roman coins issued under Vespasian, Trajan, Hadrian, Antoninus Pius, Septimius Severus, Commodus, Pertinax, and Diocletian. [7] A coin issued by Titus depicted his deified father Vespasian handing a globe to his son as his successor, with the legend Providentia Augusta .
His father, also named Lucius Ceionius Commodus (the Historia Augusta adds the cognomen Verus), was consul in 106 and his paternal grandfather, also of the same name, was consul in 78. His paternal ancestors were from Etruria, and were of consular rank. His mother is surmised to have been an undocumented Roman woman named Plautia. [1]