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  2. Diaphragmatic rupture - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diaphragmatic_rupture

    Diaphragmatic rupture (also called diaphragmatic injury or tear) is a tear of the diaphragm, the muscle across the bottom of the ribcage that plays a crucial role in breathing. Most commonly, acquired diaphragmatic tears result from physical trauma. Diaphragmatic rupture can result from blunt or penetrating trauma and occurs in about 0.5% of ...

  3. Liver injury - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liver_injury

    Given its anterior position in the abdominal cavity and its large size, the liver is prone to gun shot wounds and stab wounds. [2] Its firm location under the diaphragm also makes it especially prone to shearing forces. [1] Common causes of this type of injury are blunt force mechanisms such as motor vehicle accidents, falls, and sports injuries.

  4. Phrenic nerve - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phrenic_nerve

    To confirm the identity of the phrenic nerve, a doctor may gently manipulate it to elicit a dartle (diaphragmatic startle) response. [7] The right phrenic nerve may be crushed by the vena cava clamp during liver transplantation. [8] Severing the phrenic nerve, or a phrenectomy, [9] will paralyse that half of the diaphragm. Bilateral ...

  5. Hepatic hydrothorax - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hepatic_hydrothorax

    The only curative treatment is a liver transplant. The prognosis is usually unfavorable, especially in refractory cases, due to the majority of people being unsuitable for transplantation. [ 3 ] However, transplantation indicates a favorable prognosis; one case study showed that the condition had no effect on post-transplant outcomes.

  6. Acute liver failure - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acute_liver_failure

    for liver transplantation in acute liver failure [25] Patients with paracetamol toxicity. pH < 7.3 or Prothrombin time > 100 seconds and serum creatinine level > 3.4 mg/dL (> 300 μmol/L) if in grade III or IV encephalopathy. Other patients. Prothrombin time > 100 seconds or Three of the following variables: Age < 10 yr or > 40 years; Cause ...

  7. A death sentence: Native Americans shut out of the nation's ...

    www.aol.com/death-sentence-native-americans-shut...

    From 2018-2021, among Indigenous people, just nine patients were accepted for a transplant for every 100 who died from liver disease "The unevenness in access and outcomes is a problem for all of ...

  8. Liver transplantation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liver_transplantation

    Liver transplantation is a potential treatment for acute or chronic conditions which cause irreversible and severe ("end-stage") liver dysfunction. [4] Since the procedure carries relatively high risks, is resource-intensive, and requires major life modifications after surgery, it is reserved for dire circumstances.

  9. Autoimmune hepatitis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autoimmune_hepatitis

    Liver transplantation is the standard of care in people presenting with fulminant liver failure or those with the progression of disease despite multiple lines of therapy. [ 33 ] [ 34 ] [ 35 ] Many patients, once started on long-term immunosuppressive therapy, will remain on that treatment for life.

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