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Industrial calcination generally emits carbon dioxide (CO 2). A calciner is a steel cylinder that rotates inside a heated furnace and performs indirect high-temperature processing (550–1150 °C, or 1000–2100 °F) within a controlled atmosphere.
Calcium looping (CaL), or the regenerative calcium cycle (RCC), is a second-generation carbon capture technology. [1] It is the most developed form of carbonate looping, where a metal (M) is reversibly reacted between its carbonate form (MCO 3) and its oxide form (MO) to separate carbon dioxide from other gases coming from either power generation or an industrial plant.
This is accomplished by heating the material to above 825 °C (1,517 °F), [6] [7] a process called calcination or lime-burning, to liberate a molecule of carbon dioxide (CO 2), leaving quicklime behind. This is also one of the few chemical reactions known in prehistoric times. [8] CaCO 3 (s) → CaO(s) + CO 2 (g)
The lime industry is a significant carbon dioxide emitter. The manufacture of one tonne of calcium oxide involves decomposing calcium carbonate, with the formation of 785 kg of CO 2 in some applications, such as when used as mortar; this CO 2 is later re-absorbed as the mortar goes off.
The carbon dioxide required for reaction (I) is produced by heating ("calcination") of the limestone at 950–1100 °C, and by calcination of the sodium bicarbonate (see below). The calcium carbonate (CaCO 3) in the limestone is partially converted to quicklime (calcium oxide (CaO)) and carbon dioxide:
Calcination is thermal decomposition of a material. Examples include decomposition of hydrates such as ferric hydroxide to ferric oxide and water vapor, the decomposition of calcium carbonate to calcium oxide and carbon dioxide as well as iron carbonate to iron oxide: CaCO 3 → CaO + CO 2
Scientists warn that if carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gas emissions continue to rise at their current rates, Earth’s temperatures could increase dramatically in future decades, leading to catastrophic and irreversible climate change. The 10 largest emitters produced about 26.4 gigatons of carbon dioxide in 2013.
The carbon dioxide would then be delivered by pipeline to be sequestered in a ... Calcination is an equilibrium reaction and a higher partial pressure of CO 2 shifts ...