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Phenylephrine can interact with other adrenergic drugs, such as beta blockers like propranolol, α 1-adrenergic receptor antagonists like chlorpromazine, α 2-adrenergic receptor agonists like clonidine, norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors like atomoxetine and amitriptyline, and MAOIs (which increase norepinephrine levels). [5]
Phenylephrine, a popular ingredient in many over-the-counter allergy and cold medicines, is ineffective in tablet form, an independent advisory committee to the US Food and Drug Administration ...
On Nov. 7, the Food and Drug administration announced a proposal to remove oral phenylephrine — a decongestant found in products by brands including Sudafed PE, Vicks DayQuil and Theraflu ...
After an FDA advisory committee said the decongestant phenylephrine, an ingredient found in many oral cold and flu medications, is ineffective, experts weigh in on alternatives.
The mechanisms of sympathomimetic drugs can be direct-acting (direct interaction between drug and receptor), such as α-adrenergic agonists, β-adrenergic agonists, and dopaminergic agonists; or indirect-acting (interaction not between drug and receptor), such as MAOIs, COMT inhibitors, release stimulants, and reuptake inhibitors that increase the levels of endogenous catecholamines.
Phenylephrine is an oral medication primarily used as a decongestant. [5] [6] It is a selective α 1-adrenergic receptor activator which results in the constriction of both arteries and veins. [5] Common side effects include nausea, headache, and anxiety. [5] Phenylephrine was patented in 1927 and came into medical use in 1938. [7]
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When two drugs affect each other, it is a drug–drug interaction (DDI). The risk of a DDI increases with the number of drugs used. [1] A large share of elderly people regularly use five or more medications or supplements, with a significant risk of side-effects from drug–drug interactions. [2] Drug interactions can be of three kinds: