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  2. Vasodilation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vasodilation

    The response may be ... In the case of inflammation, vasodilation is caused by ... and veins is composed of smooth muscle and causes vasodilation and vasoconstriction ...

  3. Inflammation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inflammation

    Inflammation is a generic response, and therefore is considered a mechanism of innate immunity, whereas adaptive immunity is specific to each pathogen. [3] Inflammation is a protective response involving immune cells, blood vessels, and molecular mediators. The function of inflammation is to eliminate the initial cause of cell injury, clear out ...

  4. Vasoconstriction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vasoconstriction

    Vasoconstriction is the narrowing of the blood vessels resulting from contraction of the muscular wall of the vessels, in particular the large arteries and small arterioles. The process is the opposite of vasodilation , the widening of blood vessels.

  5. Local blood flow regulation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Local_blood_flow_regulation

    These endothelial products include nitric oxide and endothelin-1 that are released in response to either chemical stimuli, like histamine, or increased shear stress on the blood vessel (meaning the amount of stress exerted by blood on the blood vessel walls). While nitric oxide causes vasodilation, endothelin-1 causes vasoconstriction.

  6. Endothelial dysfunction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endothelial_dysfunction

    Nitric oxide (NO) suppresses platelet aggregation, inflammation, oxidative stress, vascular smooth muscle cell migration and proliferation, and leukocyte adhesion. [6] A feature of endothelial dysfunction is the inability of arteries and arterioles to dilate fully in response to an appropriate stimulus, such as exogenous nitroglycerine , [ 5 ...

  7. Adrenergic receptor - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adrenergic_receptor

    Although α receptors are less sensitive to epinephrine, when activated at pharmacologic doses, they override the vasodilation mediated by β-adrenoreceptors because there are more peripheral α 1 receptors than β-adrenoreceptors. The result is that high levels of circulating epinephrine cause vasoconstriction.

  8. Bradykinin - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bradykinin

    Bradykinin (BK) (from Greek brady-'slow' + -kinin, kīn(eîn) 'to move') is a peptide that promotes inflammation.It causes arterioles to dilate (enlarge) via the release of prostacyclin, nitric oxide, and endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor and makes veins constrict, via prostaglandin F2, thereby leading to leakage into capillary beds, due to the increased pressure in the capillaries.

  9. Prostaglandin - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prostaglandin

    Through their role in vasodilation, prostaglandins are also involved in inflammation. They are synthesized in the walls of blood vessels and serve the physiological function of preventing needless clot formation, as well as regulating the contraction of smooth muscle tissue. [3]