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  2. Sapphire - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sapphire

    Madagascar is the world leader in sapphire production (as of 2007) specifically its deposits in and around the town of Ilakaka. [31] Prior to the opening of the Ilakaka mines, Australia was the largest producer of sapphires (such as in 1987). [ 32 ]

  3. List of sapphires by size - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_sapphires_by_size

    Pink colored corundum may be either classified as ruby or sapphire depending on locale. Commonly, natural sapphires are cut and polished into gemstones and worn in jewelry . They also may be created synthetically in laboratories for industrial or decorative purposes in large crystal boules .

  4. Millennium Sapphire - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Millennium_Sapphire

    Today, it is still regarded as the world’s largest gem-quality engraved sapphire. [3] The Millennium Sapphire was certified in its rough form by the Asian Institute of Gemological Sciences and the Gemological Institute of America. The Gubelin Lab of Switzerland recently certified the sapphire in its finished, carved form at 61,500 carats ...

  5. Ratnapura - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ratnapura

    After the discovery of world-class alluvial sapphire deposits in the valley of Ilakaka in Madagascar, many Ratnapura merchants travel out of the country to Madagascar to buy gems. There are three main Gem market places in Ratnapura: "Abagahamula Gem Market ","Clock Tower Gem Market ","Demuwamawatha Gem Market " These markets operate in ...

  6. Gemstone industry in Greenland - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gemstone_industry_in_Greenland

    The deposit remains open along strike and to depth. The resource is National Instrument 43–101 compliant and is the first coloured gemstone resource ever to be published under these laws. True North Gems has initiated a socio-economic impact assessment in anticipation of a commercial ruby mining operation.

  7. Yogo sapphire - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yogo_sapphire

    In the early 1980s, Intergem Limited, which controlled most of the Yogo sapphire mining at the time, rocked the gem world by marketing Yogo sapphires as the world's only guaranteed "untreated" sapphire, exposing a practice of the time wherein 95 percent of all the world's sapphires were heat-treated to enhance their natural color.

  8. Gems of Sri Lanka - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gems_of_Sri_Lanka

    The mineralogy of the gem deposits varies widely with, among others, corundum (sapphire, ruby), chrysoberyl, beryl, spinel, topaz, zircon, tourmaline, garnet being common. [2] Residual deposits are mainly found in flood plains of rivers and streams. The metamorphic types of gems constitute 90% of the gem deposits in Sri Lanka.

  9. Cardinal gem - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardinal_gem

    The five cardinal gems. Clockwise from top: sapphire, ruby, emerald, amethyst, diamond. Cardinal gems are gemstones which have traditionally been considered precious above all others. The classification of the cardinal gems dates back to antiquity, and was largely determined by ceremonial or religious use as well as rarity. [1]